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VITACEAE

GRAPE FAMILY

Michael O. Moore

Woody vines; tendrils opposite leaves; flowers sometimes unisexual
Leaves generally many, cauline, simple or compound, alternate, petioled, deciduous; stipules generally deciduous
Inflorescence cyme or panicle, generally opposite leaf, peduncled
Flower radial; sepals generally reduced, generally fused, lobes 5 or 0; petals generally 5, free, reflexed and falling individually (or adherent at tips, ± erect, and falling as unit), reddish or yellowish; stamens generally 5, opposite petals; nectaries 0 or between stamens as ± free glands; ovary 1, superior, chambers generally 2(–4), style 1 or 0, stigma inconspicuous or head-like
Fruit: berry
Seeds 1–6, large
Genera in family: 15 genera, ± 800 species: especially warm regions; some cultivated (Cissus , grape ivy; Parthenocissus ; Vitis )
Reference: [Moore 1991 Sida 14:339–367]

VITIS

GRAPE


Stem: bark peeling; stem center brown, clearly partitioned at nodes; tendrils not tipped with adhering disks
Leaf simple; blade crenate to serrate
Inflorescence: panicle
Flower unisexual or bisexual; calyx greenish, lobes 0 or shallow; petals adherent at tips, yellowish; stamens 3–9, generally erect; nectaries ± free glands
Pistillate flower: stamens reflexed or 0
Fruit 4–20 mm wide, spheric to ovoid, glaucous or not
Seeds 1–4, obovoid, with a round structure opposite attachment scar that is either raised or sunken
Species in genus: 65 species: temp, subtropical
Etymology: (Latin: vine)
Reference: [Olmo & Koyama 1980 Proc 3rd Intl Symp Grape Breeding 33–41]

Native

V. girdiana Munson

DESERT WILD GRAPE


Stem ± densely tomentose; nodal partitions generally 2–3 mm thick
Leaf: stipules generally > 3.5 mm; blade lobes 0 or 3–5 and shallow, margin generally serrate, lower surface tomentose to densely so
Flower unisexual
Fruit generally < 8 mm wide, spheric, black, not or slightly glaucous; skin separating from pulp
Seed: round structure opposite attachment scar generally sunken
Chromosomes: 2n=38
Ecology: Streamsides, canyon bottoms
Elevation: < 1250 m.
Bioregional distribution: Southwestern California, s East of Sierra Nevada, Desert
Distribution outside California: Baja California
Flowering time: May–Jun
Intergrades with (perhaps best a var. of) V. californica
Horticultural information: 4, 5, 6; IRR: 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.

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