TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
previous taxon |
next taxon
Jepson Interchange (more information) |
|
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to shrub or vine (generally per in CA)
Leaves basal, cauline, or both, generally alternate, entire to compound; stipules generally small
Inflorescence: head, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary; peduncle bractlets 2
Flower generally bisexual, generally bilateral; sepals 5, free to slightly fused, generally persistent; petals 5, free, lowest generally spurred or pouched at base; stamens generally 5, alternate petals, filaments short, wide, anthers surrounding ovary, adherent or fused, often with nectaries at base, often with membranous appendage at tip; ovary superior, chamber 1, placentas 3, parietal, ovules generally many, style 1
Fruit: generally capsule, 3-valved, generally explosively dehiscent
Seeds generally appendaged
Genera in family: 15 genera, 600 species: generally temp, worldwide; some cultivated as ornamental; some Eur species medicinally useful as emetics, diuretics, purgatives
Reference: [Brizicky 1961 J Arnold Arbor 42:321333]
Annual or perennial herb < 35 cm, glabrous to hairy
Leaf entire to compound
Inflorescence: flower generally solitary, axillary
Flower bilateral; sepals subequal, appendaged at base; petals unequal, lowest spurred or pouched at base, lateral 2 equal, generally spreading, often hairy near base, upper 2 equal, erect; lower 2 stamens with nectaries projecting into spur
Fruit: capsule, ovoid to oblong
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name)
Reference: [Clausen 1964 Madroño 17:173197]
Cleistogamous flowers generally present. Seeds often dispersed by ants that feed on seed-appendages.
Native |
Plant 135 cm
Stem appearing ± early, sometimes elongating, ascending to erect from woody taproot, generally hairy
Leaves simple, entire to toothed, often purplish (especially below), ± hairy; basal 15, petiole 20145 mm, blade 1050 mm, ovate to round, tapered to cordate at base, often fleshy; cauline blade < basal, lanceolate to ovate, base tapered to cordate
Inflorescence: peduncle 15170 mm
Flower: petals deep lemon-yellow, lowest (including spur) 617 mm, lower 3 veined purple-brown, lateral 2 bearded, upper 2 purplish outside
Fruit 512 mm, puberulent
Chromosomes: n=6,12.
Ecology: Chaparral, dry forest, timberline communities, sagebrush or desert scrub
Elevation: 4003100 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, Central Western California, Southwestern California, Great Basin Floristic Province, Desert Mountains (Panamint Mtns)
Distribution outside California: to Washington, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, n Baja California
Variable; subspp. intergrade; needs study
Horticultural information: TRY; DFCLT.
Native |
Plant 422 cm
Leaves generally green, tinged purple, generally glabrous above; basal generally erect, blade base generally truncate to cordate; cauline blade toothed
Inflorescence: peduncle generally < 130 mm
Chromosomes: n=6
Ecology: Open montane forests, scrub
Elevation: 5002500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, Central Western California, Southwestern California
Distribution outside California: sw Oregon
Synonyms: subsp. dimorpha M.S. Baker & J.C. Clausen