TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Perennial or subshrub from caudex or rhizome, generally ± hairy
Stem often ± leafy on lower half, rarely trailing and leafy throughout
Leaves generally simple, basal or sometimes cauline, generally alternate, generally petioled; veins ± palmate
Inflorescence: panicle, generally ± scapose
Flower generally bisexual, generally radial; hypanthium free to ± fused to ovary; calyx lobes generally 5; petals generally 5, free, generally clawed, generally white; stamens generally 5 or 10; pistils 2 and simple or 1 and compound (chambers 12, placentas 24, axile or parietal), ovary superior to inferior, sometimes more superior in fruit, styles generally 2
Fruit: 2 follicles or 24-valved capsule
Seeds generally many, small
Genera in family: 40 genera, 600 species: especially n temp, arctic, alpine; some cultivated (Bergenia , Darmera , Heuchera , Saxifraga , Tellima , Tolmiea )
Reference: [Soltis 1988 Syst Bot 13:6472]
Plant glandular; rhizome scaly; bulblets 0
Leaves basal and cauline, reduced and merging into bracts upward; stipules inconspicuous to leaf-like; blade round to ovate, base cordate to reniform, sometimes truncate, obtuse, or tapered, primary lobes 3many, very shallow to deep, teeth sharp-tipped
Inflorescence generally 1-sided; bracts sessile to short-petioled, lower leaf-like
Flower: hypanthium partly fused to ovary; petals ephemeral; stamens 5; pistil 1, ovary > half inferior, chambers 2, placentas 2, axile
Fruit: capsule
Species in genus: 8 species: North America, Asia
Etymology: (Dr. S. Boykin, Georgian naturalist, 17861848)
Reference: [Gornall & Bohm 1985 Bot J Linn Soc 90:171]
Native |
Leaf 645 cm; stipules slight expansion of petiole base, generally green, brown-bristled; petiole 330 cm; blade < 12 cm wide, divided ± 1/41/3 way to base, lobes and teeth ± round-sided
Inflorescence 36 dm, tapered, ± open
Flower: calyx lobes 13 mm, triangular, tapered; petals 34 mm, obovate
Chromosomes: 2n=14
Ecology: Shady wet banks
Elevation: < 1500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, n&c Sierra Nevada Foothills, Central Western California, Western Transverse Ranges
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia
Synonyms: B. elata (Nutt.) Greene
Horticultural information: WET, DRN: 4, 5, 17 &SHD: 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.