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ROSACEAE

ROSE FAMILY

Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5–many, pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 1–5
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332,344–401,611–662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.

RUBUS

Barbara Ertter

Perennial to shrub, often bramble-forming, often prickly, prostrate or clambering to erect
Leaves generally palmately lobed to compound; leaflets often stalked, toothed
Inflorescence various
Flower: hypanthium shallow; bractlets 0; sepals 5, generally reflexed, tips generally linear; petals 5; stamens generally > 20; pistils few–many, ovaries superior, jointed to slender to club-shaped styles
Fruit: aggregate of sweet, fleshy-coated achenes (drupelets) that generally separate jointly from receptacle (raspberry-like) or separate jointly with part of fleshy receptacle (blackberry-like)
Species in genus: 200–700 species: worldwide, especially n temp, Andes
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name for bramble)
Coastal forms often have smaller, hairier, rounder leaves; hybrids and other escapes from cultivated expected.

Introduced

R. ulmifolius Schott var. inermis (Willd.) W.O. Focke

Arched brambles
Stem 5–10 mm diam, 5-angled; prickles 0
Leaf compound; stipules linear; petiole ± 2–6 cm; leaflets 3–5, ± obovate-oblong, finely toothed, white below; longest leaflet stalk ± 5–30 mm; longest leaflet blade ± 3–8 cm
Inflorescence: ± panicle, many-flowered, nonglandular
Flower: sepal tips ± 1 mm; petals 10–15 mm, ± obovate, white to pink; pistils generally > 15
Fruit blackberry-like, ± ovoid, black, glabrous
Ecology: Uncommon. Generally moist, ± disturbed areas
Elevation: < 500 m.
Bioregional distribution: s Northwestern California, Sacramento Valley, Central Western California, n Southwestern California
Distribution outside California: Europe cultivar

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