| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5–many, pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 1–5
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332,344–401,611–662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.
Shrub to vine, often thicket-forming, generally prickly
Leaves generally odd-pinnately compound; stipules generally attached to petiole, generally gland-margined
Inflorescence: generally ± cyme or flowers solitary
Flower: hypanthium urn-shaped; bractlets 0; sepals 5, often with long expanded tip; petals generally 5 (except cultivars), generally pink in CA (white to red or yellow); stamens generally > 20; pistils generally many, ovaries superior, jointed to generally hairy styles
Fruit: bony achenes enclosed in fleshy, generally reddish hypanthium (hip)
Species in genus: 100+ species: generally n temp
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name)
Spp. hybridize freely; other non-natives established locally.
| Introduced |
Thicket-forming, 8–30 dm
Stem ± olive-green; prickles generally ± few, compressed, curved
Leaf: leaflets ± hairy and glandular; terminal leaflet generally 10–35 mm, elliptic to ± widely obovate, tip obtuse, margins double-toothed, glandular
Inflorescence generally 1–8-flowered; pedicels generally ± 10 mm, glandular
Flower: hypanthium generally 4–5 mm wide at flower, generally ± glabrous, neck ± 3 mm wide; sepals glandular, with toothed lateral lobes, tip generally ± = body, generally toothed; petals generally 10–20 mm; pistils ± 10–20
Fruit ± 15 mm wide; sepals often deciduous
Chromosomes: 2n=35
Ecology: Generally ± dry, often disturbed open sites
Elevation: 30–1100 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Sierra Nevada Foothills, Central Western California
Distribution outside California: to e N.America; native to Europe