| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5–many, pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 1–5
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332,344–401,611–662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.
Shrub or tree
Stem: bark gray to red-brown
Leaves generally alternate, simple, generally glabrous; stipules deciduous
Inflorescence: raceme or umbel-like cluster, often on short branchlets
Flower: hypanthium cup- to urn-shaped; sepals spreading to reflexed; stamens 15+, generally in 2+ whorls; pistil 1, ovary superior, chamber 1, ovules 2, style 1, stigma subspheric
Fruit: drupe, generally ovoid to spheric
Species in genus: ± 400 species: temp North America, Eurasia, n Africa; many cultivated for wood, ornamental, edible fruit; some persisting near human habitation (P. armeniaca , apricot; P. avium , sweet cherry; P. cerasus , sour cherry; P. domestica , plum; P. laurocerasus , laurel cherry; P. lusitanica , portugal laurel; P. mahaleb ; P. persica , peach).Seeds of many species ± TOXIC from production of hydrocyanic acid .
| Native |
Shrub or tree < 15 m
Leaves evergreen; petiole 4–25 mm; blade 16–120 mm, ovate to round, entire or spiny-serrate, base truncate to ± cordate, tip acute to rounded
Inflorescence: raceme; flowers many; pedicel 1–5 mm
Flower: petals 1–3 mm, white
Fruit 12–25 mm, ovoid to spheric, glabrous, red to blue-black; pulp fleshy
Ecology: Canyons, slopes, scrub, woodland
Elevation: < 1600 m.
Bioregional distribution: s North Coast Ranges, Central Western California, Southwestern California
Distribution outside California: Baja California
| Native |
Plant < 15 m
Leaf: petiole 10–25 mm; blade generally ovate, generally entire, flat
Inflorescence: pedicel 1–3 mm
Fruit 15–25 mm, generally blue-black
Ecology: Chaparral, woodland
Elevation: < 600 m.
Bioregional distribution: Channel Islands
Distribution outside California: Baja California (mainland)
Synonyms: P. lyonii (Eastw.) SargentHorticultural information: DRN, SUN or part SHD: 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 22, 23, 24 &IRR: 7, 8, 9, 19, 20, 21.