| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5–many, pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 1–5
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332,344–401,611–662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.
Perennial, generally ± glandular, generally resinous-smelling; caudex generally branched
Stem generally ascending to erect
Leaves generally basal, odd-1-pinnate, generally ± flat; cauline alternate, reduced upward; uppermost lateral leaflets generally ± fused with terminal
Inflorescence: cyme, open or of dense clusters; pedicels generally straight
Flower: hypanthium a ± flat-bottomed cup, width ± 2 X length; bractlets 5, generally 2/3 sepals; sepals 5, often reflexed; petals 5, generally ± = sepals, blunt, white; stamens 10, filaments flat, often forming a tube; pistils 2–many, ovaries superior, styles jointed below fruit tip, ± thicker at base
Fruit: achene
Species in genus: 19 species: w North America
Etymology: (J. Horkel, German plant physiologist, 1769–1846)
Data apply to basal leaves, pressed hypanthia.
| Native |
Plant generally tufted (± matted), green to grayish
Stem generally 10–60 cm
Leaf generally 4–15 cm; leaflets 3–15 per side, separated to ± crowded, generally 4–20 mm, narrowly wedge-shaped to ± round, ± 5–10-toothed to lobed, hairs sparse to dense
Inflorescence: clusters 1–several, generally ± head-like, generally 5–30-flowered; pedicels generally 1–3 mm
Flower: hypanthium width generally 2–3.5 mm, ± 1–2 X length; bractlets < 0.5 mm wide, linear; sepals generally 2–3 mm; petals 2–6 mm, ± wedge-shaped; filaments 0.1–1.5 mm, bases 0.2–1 mm wide, anthers generally ± 0.5 mm; pistils generally 10–20, styles 0.8–1.5 mm
Fruit 1–1.8 mm
Ecology: Dry meadow edges, open forest, volcanic or granitic soils
Elevation: 1000–3300 m.
Bioregional distribution: e Klamath Ranges, High Cascade Range, High Sierra Nevada, Modoc Plateau, n East of Sierra Nevada
Distribution outside California: to Washington, Wyoming, Nevada
Sspp. need study