TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL	previous taxon | next taxon Jepson Interchange (more information)
	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

ROSACEAE

ROSE FAMILY

Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5–many, pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 1–5
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332,344–401,611–662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.

FRAGARIA

STRAWBERRY

Barbara Ertter

Perennial from short rhizomes and leafless stolons, ± nonglandular
Leaves basal, 1-ternate; leaflet teeth generally simple
Inflorescence: cyme, ± umbel-like, open, 1–several-flowered; pedicels recurved in fruit
Flower: hypanthium shallow; bractlets 5; sepals 5; petals 5, ± obovate, generally white; stamens 20–35, filaments ± flat; pistils many, ovaries superior, jointed to stout style on side
Fruit: receptacle enlarged, fleshy, red, incompletely covered with achenes
Species in genus: 15–30 species: generally n temp
Etymology: (Latin: fragrant)
Reference: [Hancock & Bringhurst 1981 Amer J Bot 68:1–5]
Hair orientation and plant size have been used to define subspp. but seem to have no taxonomic significance, at least in CA. All species intergrade.

Native

F. vesca L.

WOOD STRAWBERRY

Stem generally 3–30 cm
Leaf thin; petiole generally 3–12 cm; central leaflet stalk < 2 mm, blade 15–70 mm, widely elliptic-obovate, acute to obtuse, teeth generally 12–21, below and above middle, sharp or obtuse, central tooth < to > adjacent ones; leaflets sparsely hairy above, hairier below
Inflorescence often >> leaves
Flowers bisexual, generally ± 15 mm wide; bractlets often 2-lobed; sepals generally 4–8 mm; petals generally 5–8 mm
Fruit: receptacle ± 10 mm; achene ± 1.5 mm
Chromosomes: n=7
Ecology: Generally partial shade in forests
Elevation: 30–2000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, Central Western California, San Bernardino Mountains, Peninsular Ranges
Distribution outside California: to e N.America, Baja California, also Europe
Synonyms: subsp. californica (Cham. & Schldl.) Staudt
Plants intermediate to F. chiloensis or F. virginiana (especially in KR) have been called F. crinita Rydb
Horticultural information: 4, 5, 6 SHD, IRR: 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24; GRCVR; CVS non CA.