| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5–many, pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 1–5
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332,344–401,611–662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.
Perennial, finely glandular
Stems 1–several from rhizome, erect
Leaves odd-1-pinnate; leaflets evenly toothed, often alternately large and small
Inflorescence: raceme or spike-like
Flower: hypanthium cup-shaped to obconic; bractlets 0; sepals 5; petals 5; stamens 5–15; pistils 2, ovaries superior, continuous to style at top
Fruit: hypanthium hard, encasing achenes, rimmed with spreading prickles
Species in genus: ± 20 species: generally n temp
Etymology: (Greek: eye disease, from former use as cure)
Reference: [Kline & Sorensen 1990 Taxon 39:512–515]
| Native |
Stem generally 50–140 cm
Leaves: largest generally 10–25 cm; main leaflets 2–5 per side, largest 4–12 cm, elliptic to obovate, slightly < terminal
Inflorescence 2–4 dm, generally 10–50-flowered; pedicels generally 1–10 mm, recurved in fruit
Flower: sepals 1–4 mm; petals 2–4 mm, ± oblong, yellow
Fruit: hypanthium 3–5 mm, obconic, ridged, prickles 1–4 mm, hooked; sepals incurved
Chromosomes: 2n=56
Ecology: Moist places, generally in woodlands
Elevation: 150–1700 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, High Cascade Range, n Sierra Nevada, San Bernardino Mountains, Peninsular Ranges
Distribution outside California: to eastern N.America, C.America