TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL	previous taxon | next taxon Jepson Interchange (more information)
	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

ACTAEA

BANEBERRY

Perennial from stout, branched caudex
Stems 1–few, ascending to erect, branched to not
Leaves 1–4(5), generally 1–3(4)-ternate, lowest scale-like, fibrous, sheathing
Inflorescence: raceme, axillary or terminal
Flower radial; sepals 3–5, petal-like, early deciduous; petals 4–10, rarely 0, oblanceolate to spoon-shaped; pistil 1, placentas 2, ovules several
Fruit: berry
Species in genus: 5–6 species: temp North America, Eurasia
Etymology: (Greek: ancient name, from wet habitat and similarity to Sambucus leaves)
Fr TOXIC to humans.

Native

var. alismellus A. Gray

Plant 4–20(30) cm
Leaf: basal blade 2–4 cm, generally ovate
Flower: petals 5–7 mm
Ecology: Habitats of sp.
Elevation: 1400–3600 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, High North Coast Ranges, High Cascade Range, High Sierra Nevada, San Bernardino Mountains, San Jacinto Mountains, n White and Inyo Mountains
Distribution outside California: to Washington, Nevada
Flowering time: Jun–Jul
Horticultural information: WET or IRR, DRN: 1, 2, 7 &SUN: 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17.

Native

var. subrigidus (W.B. Drew) Breitung

Leaves generally << internodes; submersed leaves 3–5-dissected, segments thread-like, petioles generally flat, wide ± throughout; floating or emergent generally 0 or like submersed
Inflorescence: pedicel recurved in fruit
Fruits 10–50
Ecology: Habitats of sp.
Elevation: < 1800 m.
Bioregional distribution: n Cascade Range, Central Coast, n High Sierra Nevada, San Jacinto Mountains, Modoc Plateau
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, e N.America, Mexico
Synonyms: R. subrigidus W.B. Drew
Much like var. capillaceus.

Native

R. bonariensis Poiret var. trisepalus (Hook. & Arn.) Lourteig

Annual 4–20(30) cm
Stem decumbent to erect, generally branched below middle; hairs 0–sparse
Leaves lanceolate to ovate, generally glabrous; basal and lower cauline petioles 1.5–8.5 cm, blades 0.6–2 cm, generally entire; upper cauline leaves generally smaller
Flower: receptacle glabrous; sepals 3, 2–3 mm; petals 2–3, 2–3 mm, ± 1 mm wide
Fruits 9–many; cluster conic to ovoid; body 1–1.5 mm, ± 1 mm wide, ± plump, smooth to finely net-like, back rounded; beak minute
Ecology: Clay soils, vernal pools
Elevation: < 1200 m.
Bioregional distribution: n&c Sierra Nevada Foothills, e Great Central Valley (except s San Joaquin Valley)
Synonyms: R. alveolatus Carter
Other vars. in Chile, Argentine.