TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, sometimes aquatic
Leaves generally basal and cauline, generally alternate, simple or compound; petioles at base generally flat, sometimes sheathing or stipule-like
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; sepals generally 5, free, early deciduous or withering in fruit, generally green; petals 0many, free; stamens generally 10many; pistils 1many, ovary superior, chamber 1, style 1, generally ± persistent in fruit as beak, ovules 1many
Fruit: achene, follicle, berry, or utricle-like, 1many-seeded
Genera in family: ± 60 genera, 1700 species: worldwide, especially n temp, tropical mtns; many ornamental (Adonis, Aquilegia, Clematis, Consolida, Delphinium, Erianthis, Helleborus ),some highly TOXIC (Aconitum, Actaea, Delphinium, Ranunculus )
Reference: [Duncan & Keener 1991 Phytologia 70:2427]
Annual, perennial herb, sometimes from stolons or caudices, terrestrial or aquatic; roots generally fibrous
Stem prostrate to erect
Leaves basal and generally cauline, generally reduced upwards, generally glabrous; petiole base flat, stipule-like or not; basal and lower cauline petioles generally long; blades simple to dissected or compound, entire to toothed
Inflorescence: cyme, axillary or terminal, 1few-flowered
Flower radial; sepals generally 5, generally early deciduous, generally glabrous, generally green to yellowish; petals generally 5, generally > sepals, generally white to yellow, shiny; nectar gland near petal base, pocket-like or with flap-like scale; anthers yellow; pistils generally many
Fruit: achene, generally compressed, beaked, generally glabrous; walls thick
Species in genus: ± 250 species: temp worldwide, tropical mtns; some ornamental
Etymology: (Latin: (Pliny) little frog, from generally wet habitats)
Introduced |
Perennial 2030(50) cm; caudex 1020 mm wide, bulb-like
Stem generally erect, few-branched; hairs below sparse, rough, above ± 0
Leaves generally hairy; basal and lower cauline petioles 815 cm, blades 1.52.5 cm, generally cordate, deeply 3-lobed to 1-ternate, lobes or leaflets reniform to wedge-shaped, toothed or lobed; upper cauline leaves 3-lobed, lobes ± oblong, entire to toothed
Flower: receptacle puberulent; sepals 5.58 mm, generally spreading, hairs 0sparse; petals 815 mm, 610 mm wide
Fruits 12many; cluster spheric; body 2.53 mm, sides 22.5 mm wide, smooth, back keeled, whitish; beak < 0.5 mm, curved
Chromosomes: 2n=16
Ecology: Meadows, roadside ditches
Elevation: < 100 m.
Bioregional distribution: n North Coast (waif)
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, e US; native to Europe