TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual or perennial herb, generally fleshy
Stems generally glabrous
Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, sometimes stipuled
Inflorescence various
Flower bisexual, radial; sepals generally 2(8), free or fused at base; petals 318, free or ± fused; stamens 1many, free or inserted on corolla; ovary superior or partly inferior, chamber 1, placenta free-central or basal; styles 28, generally fused at base
Fruit: capsule, circumscissile or 23-valved
Seeds 1many, generally black, generally shiny
Genera in family: ± 20 genera, ± 400 species: generally temp Am, Australia, s Africa; some cultivated (Lewisia, Portulaca, Calandrinia )
Reference: [Bogle 1969 J Arnold Arbor 50:566598]
Family description and key to genera by Dieter H. Wilken & Walter A. Kelley.
Annual, perennial herb, ± fleshy, from taproot or fibrous roots, generally glabrous
Stems generally several, generally spreading to ascending
Leaves in basal rosette or basal and cauline, simple, oblanceolate to spoon-shaped
Inflorescence: raceme, panicle, or umbel, scapose, leafy, or bracted; flowers generally on 1 side of axis, deciduous or persistent in fruit; bracts generally < sepals, scarious
Flower: sepals 2, ovate to reniform, generally scarious or scarious-margined, persistent in fruit; petals 24, minute, < sepals, tips adherent and cap-like in fruit, falling as 1 unit; stamens 13; style 0 or 1, thread-like, stigmas generally 2
Fruit: capsule, generally translucent, 2-valved, generally compressed, oblong to ± round
Seeds 1many, black, generally shiny
Species in genus: 8 species: w Am
Etymology: (Greek: cap, from petals in fruit)
Reference: [Hinton 1975 Brittonia 27:197208; Thomas 1956 Leafl W Bot 8:911]
Observation of flower, seeds requires 20X magnification.
Native |
Annual, 211 cm; taproot slender
Stems spreading to ascending, leafy
Leaves basal and cauline, 13 cm; basal withering in fruit
Inflorescence: raceme or panicle, open to dense, 13.5 cm, axillary; bracts ovate to elliptic; flowers subsessile, persistent to deciduous in fruit
Flower: sepals 25 mm, equal to unequal (outer > and wider than inner), ovate, round, or reniform, scarious to membranous; petals 3, 1.53 mm, generally white; stamens generally 3; stigmas sessile
Fruit 37 mm, ovate to oblong
Seeds 1015
Ecology: Open areas, chaparral, oak or pinyon/juniper woodland, coniferous forest
Elevation: 7003350 m.
Bioregional distribution: s High Sierra Nevada, s San Francisco Bay Area, n Inner South Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, East of Sierra Nevada, n Desert Mountains
Distribution outside California: w Nevada, Arizona
(1 other var. in s AZ, n Mex.)