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	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

ASTERACEAE

SUNFLOWER FAMILY

David J. Keil, Family Editor and author, except as specified

Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.

BACCHARIS

Scott Sundberg

Perennial to shrub, dioecious, sometimes aromatic, often ± sticky-resinous
Stems erect, channeled
Leaves cauline, alternate, simple, reduced to bracts above
Inflorescence: heads discoid and disciform, borne in terminal or lateral racemes, panicles or cymes; phyllaries overlapping in several series; receptacle naked or chaffy
Disk flowers generally many, functionally staminate; corollas white to pink-tinged; ovary much reduced; pappus of bristles < involucre
Pistillate flowers generally many; corollas thread-like, ± whitish
Fruit ± cylindric, 4–10-ribbed; pappus of many bristles > involucre
Species in genus: 250–400 species: Am
Etymology: (Latin: Bacchus, god of wine)
[Boldt 1989 Baccharis TX Agric Exp Sta, College Station]

Native

B. vanessae Beauch.

ENCINITAS BACCHARIS

Shrub < 2 m from root crown, generally glabrous, sticky
Stems: branches dense, erect, often leafless at flower, glabrous (except glandular-puberulent below heads)
Leaves sessile, 1–45 mm, linear, entire; principal veins 1
Inflorescence: heads in a raceme or open panicle, or few-headed clusters; involucre funnel-shaped, 5.5–6.8 mm, phyllaries in 4 series, narrowly tapered, thick, rounded on back, generally glandular-puberulent, tip acute to long-tapered; receptacle ± convex, honeycombed, puberulent, chaff 0
Staminate flowers 15–22; corollas 4 mm; pappus 4 mm
Pistillate flowers ± 25; corollas ± 2.5 mm
Fruit 2–3 mm, puberulent; pappus 7–10 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Chaparral in Torrey-pine forest, on sandstone
Elevation: 60–335 m.
Bioregional distribution: s South Coast, nw Peninsular Ranges (San Diego Co.).Threatened by development.