TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual to shrubs, generally aromatic
Leaves entire to ± lobed, glabrous to densely hairy; hairs glandular (resin-filled) or T-shaped, hollow
Inflorescence: generally panicle; heads generally discoid or disciform, in racemes or panicles; involucre ovoid to hemispheric, generally concealing flowers; phyllaries in several series, margins scarious; receptacle conic, generally naked
Pistillate flowers 0many; corollas generally < 2 mm
Disk flowers 4many, generally forming fruits, sometimes staminate; corollas < 2 mm, pale yellow; anther tips acute to awl-shaped; style branches flat, fringed or blunt (sometimes simple, tack-shaped in staminate flowers)
Fruit < 2 mm, obovoid or fusiform, ribbed or smooth, glabrous, hairy, or resinous; pappus generally 0 or minute crown
Species in genus: ± 300 species: especially n hemisphere
Etymology: (Greek: Artemis, goddess of the hunt, and noted herbalist, Queen of Anatolia)
Reference: [Keck 1946 Proc Calif Acad Sci (4)25:421468; Shultz 1983 PhD thesis Claremont Graduate School]
Introduced |
Annual or biennial generally 320 dm, glabrous, green, unscented
Stem 1, erect, finely striate, often reddish
Leaves 413 cm, widely lanceolate, 2-pinnately divided ± to midrib; lobes sharply toothed
Inflorescence ± dense, leafy; heads 24 mm diam, erect, 1several in tight groups; phyllaries widely elliptic to obovate, green, margins widely scarious
Pistillate flowers 0
Disk flowers 1540
Fruit 0.20.9 mm, 45-veined, glabrous
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Disturbed moist sites
Elevation: < 2200 m.
Bioregional distribution: Outer North Coast Ranges, San Joaquin Valley, Central Western California, South Coast, Western Transverse Ranges, San Bernardino Mountains, Great Basin Floristic Province, Desert Mountains
Distribution outside California: N.America; native to Europe
Flowering time: AugOct