Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
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TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
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AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Perennial generally from long, naked rhizome
Leaves: basal 0 or generally withered by flower; cauline opposite
Inflorescence ± flat-topped; heads radiate or discoid, 1many; involucre hemispheric to obconic; phyllaries generally in 2 ± equal series; receptacle ± flat, naked
Ray flowers (0)621; ligules (orange-)yellow
Disk flowers many; corolla generally soft-hairy, colored like ligules; anther bases entire or slightly sagittate, tips triangular; style branches flat, tips truncate, very short, hair-tufted
Fruit ± cylindric, 510-veined; pappus of many barbed to subplumose bristles, white to red-brown
Species in genus: ± 27 species: North America, Eurasia
Etymology: (Latin or Greek: ancient name)
Reference: [Downie & Denford 1988 Rhodora 90:245275]
Diploid species sexual; polyploid species generally form seeds asexually.
Native |
Plant 38 dm, ± hairy, generally glandular upward
Stem 1, branched above
Leaves: cauline 510 pairs, sessile or short-petioled, 520(30) cm, blade (ob)lanceolate, (sub)entire, upper ± reduced
Inflorescence: heads radiate, 510; involucre 815 mm, bell-shaped; phyllaries ± obtuse, inner face generally hair-tufted near tip
Ray flowers generally 13; ligules 12 cm
Fruit 45 mm, ± glabrous to short-hairy, glandular; pappus short-barbed or weakly subplumose, dirty white to straw-colored
Chromosomes: 2n=38,57,106108
Ecology: Damp meadows, rocky places, coniferous forest
Elevation: 18003500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, San Bernardino Mountains, Warner Mountains, n East of Sierra Nevada, White and Inyo Mountains
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, Montana, New Mexico
Flowering time: JulAug
Synonyms: vars. bernardina (Greene) Maguire, incana (A. Gray) Hultén, jepsoniana Maguire
Generally asexualHorticultural information: IRR, SHD: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.