| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual, biennial, perennial herb, fibrous-rooted, generally from short rhizome
Leaves oblanceolate to obovate or spoon-shaped, entire
Inflorescence: heads disciform or inconspicuously radiate, solitary or in few-headed clusters; buds erect; involucre hemispheric; phyllaries ± graduated, narrowly lanceolate outer and middle with 3 orange-resinous veins, at least near base; receptacle naked
Pistillate flowers in ± 2 series; outer generally with very narrow, sometimes coiled ligules; inner generally without ligules (except T. lonchophylla)
Disk flowers: corollas yellow, narrowly tubular, not hard or inflated; veins orange-resinous; style tips deltate
Fruit narrowly oblong, 2–4-ribbed, ± flat; pappus of barbed bristles in 1–2 series, outer 0 or bristles few, short, inner at maturity > involucre
Species in genus: ± 45 species: North America, Eurasia
Etymology: (Latin & Greek: 3 forms, from flower types)
Reference: [Nesom 1989 Phytologia 67:61–66]
Formerly treated as Erigeron sect. Trimorpha.
| Native |
Annual, biennial
Stems 4–20 cm, sparsely to densely bristly or soft-hairy; glands 0
Leaves: basal 2–8 cm, gradually reduced and becoming linear upward
Inflorescence generally raceme-like or of 1 head; phyllaries ± rough-hairy, without glands, generally purple-tipped
Pistillate flowers in 2–3 series, all with very narrow ligules 2–3 mm, barely extending beyond involucre
Disk flowers: corollas 3–4.5 mm
Fruit 1.3–1.5 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Meadows, creek and ditch banks
Elevation: 1800–3550 m.
Bioregional distribution: Sierra Nevada, San Bernardino Mountains, White and Inyo Mountains
Distribution outside California: to Alaska, e Canada, New Mexico
Flowering time: Jul–Aug
Synonyms: Erigeron l. Hook
Recent taxonomic note: Erigeron lonchophyllus Hook.