TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Perennial from woody taproot
Stems 1many, decumbent to erect, generally red-tinged
Leaves alternate, simple, glabrous to tomentose or glandular; basal petioled; cauline generally clasping, reduced
Inflorescence: heads generally radiate, 1many; involucre hemispheric to bell-shaped; phyllaries in 26 ± graduated series, herbaceous
Ray flowers 1080; corollas 235 mm, yellow
Disk flowers 20100+; corollas 515 mm, cylindric to funnel-shaped, yellow
Fruit 34-angled, generally hairy; pappus bristles 1560, generally rigid, unequal
Species in genus: ± 10 species: w North America
Etymology: (Greek: reddish pappus)
Reference: [Mayes 1976 PhD Univ TX]
Formerly included in Haplopappus.
Native |
Stems 1590 cm, generally glabrous
Leaves: basal 536 cm, (ob)lanceolate to widely elliptic, entire to serrate, petioles tomentose; cauline clasping, reduced, generally serrate, glabrous
Inflorescence: heads 315+, in ± narrow clusters; involucre 518 mm diam, hemispheric or bell-shaped; phyllaries overlapping in 45 series, 613 mm, (ob)lanceolate to oblong, (sub)glabrous
Ray flowers 728; ligules 510 mm
Disk flowers 2065; corollas 58 mm
Fruit 2.55.5 mm, 4-angled, glabrous to densely tomentose; pappus 69 mm, tan to brownish
Ecology: Many habitats
Elevation: < 2500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, North Coast Ranges, c&s High Sierra Nevada, Tehachapi Mountain Area, s Sacramento Valley, San Francisco Bay Area, Inner South Coast Ranges, South Coast, Great Basin Floristic Province, Mojave Desert
Distribution outside California: to Oregon, Idaho, Utah
Synonyms: Haplopappus r. (Nutt.) Torr
Native |
Leaves: basal oblanceolate to elliptic
Inflorescence raceme-like; involucre 1015 mm, 1118 mm diam; phyllaries ciliate
Ecology: Coastal valleys, marshes, sometimes in saline soils
Elevation: < 300 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast Ranges, s Sacramento Valley, San Francisco Bay Area, Inner South Coast Ranges, South Coast
Distribution outside California: Oregon