| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual to perennial herb
Leaves basal or some cauline, alternate
Inflorescence: heads radiate, 1–many; involucre ± hemispheric; phyllaries in 2–several series, narrowly membranous-margined; receptacle naked
Ray flowers many; ligules linear, yellow
Disk flowers many; corolla yellow; anther base appendages bristle-like; style branches ± club-like, spreading
Fruit subcylindric, 5-ribbed, short-hairy; outer pappus a short crown of ± fused scales, inner of barbed bristles
Etymology: (Latin: flea-like)
Reference: [Raven 1963 Aliso 5:251–253]
| Introduced |
Plant 6–12 dm, from short rhizome, stiff, ± soft-hairy
Leaves 1–3(8) cm, linear to oblong, entire, often rolled under, ± clasping
Inflorescence: heads many; peduncles 1–3 cm; involucre 4–5 mm, 6–10 mm diam; phyllaries 2.7–4.8 mm, subequal in 2–3 series, narrowly linear
Ray flowers: corollas 3.5–4 mm, tube 1.5–2 mm, ligule 1.5–2 mm
Disk flowers: corollas 2.2–3 mm
Fruit ± 1 mm; outer pappus < 0.4 mm; inner pappus bristles 8–16, 2–3 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Uncommon. Damp sand
Elevation: < 700 m.
Bioregional distribution: w San Joaquin Valley, Southwestern California, eastern Sonoran Desert
Distribution outside California: native to Europe
Synonyms: P. hispanica (Boiss.) Boiss