| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual to perennial herb; sap milky
Stems 1–many from base, simple or few-branched
Leaves all basal
Inflorescence: heads ligulate, 1–few per scape; phyllaries in 1–several series; receptacle naked
Flowers many; ligules yellow, readily withering
Fruit ± cylindric, narrowed at summit or beaked; pappus of narrow scales and or stiff, plumose bristles
Species in genus: ± 45 species: Old World
Etymology: (Greek: lion tooth)
| Introduced |
Stems many, 1–3 dm, unbranched
Inflorescence: heads solitary; involucre 7–9 mm; principal phyllaries subequal, ± basal bractlets
Fruit: outer achenes smooth, pappus a crown of short scales; inner achenes roughened, pappus of short and long bristles with expanded bases
Chromosomes: 2n=8
Ecology: Uncommon. Weed in disturbed ground
Elevation: < 1000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, n Sierra Nevada, San Joaquin Valley, Central Coast, San Francisco Bay Area
Distribution outside California: native to Europe
Synonyms: L. leysseri (Wallr.) G. Beck
| Introduced |
Perennial (rarely biennial)
Fruit: beak of inner achenes ± 1 mm
Ecology:Habitats of sp.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast
Distribution outside California: native to Europe