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	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

ASTERACEAE

SUNFLOWER FAMILY

David J. Keil, Family Editor and author, except as specified

Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.

HYMENOTHRIX

Annual, biennial, perennial herb, taprooted
Stems 1–several from base, erect, simple or much-branched above
Leaves basal and cauline, alternate; lower petioled, pinnately or ternately dissected into narrow lobes; upper reduced, sessile
Inflorescence: heads radiate or discoid, in many-headed, ± flat-topped clusters; peduncles slender; involucre obconic to hemispheric; phyllaries in 1–2 ± equal series, free; receptacle rounded, naked
Ray flowers 0 (in CA) or few; ligules yellow
Disk flowers few–many; corollas white to yellow; anther tips triangular; style tips narrowly triangular
Fruit club-shaped, 4–5-angled, ± hairy; pappus of 10–15 bristle-tipped scales
Species in genus: 5 species: sw US, Mex
Etymology: (Greek: membranous bristle, from pappus)
Reference: [Turner 1962 Brittonia 14:101–119]

Native

H. wrightii A. Gray

Biennial, perennial herb < or = 1.5 m, glabrous to densely glandular or soft-hairy
Leaves densely crowded on lower stem; lobes generally 1 mm wide or less; margins rolled under
Inflorescence: peduncle 1–7 cm; bracts scattered, scale-like; involucre hemispheric; phyllaries 3–8 mm, oblanceolate to obovate, obtuse, tips generally purple, glabrous or glandular
Flowers: corollas 5–8 mm, outer and inner equal, white or purple-tinged, lobes linear, spreading; anthers ± 3 mm, dark purple
Fruit 3–6 mm; pappus scales 3–7 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=24
Ecology: Open slopes
Elevation: ± 1500 m.
Bioregional distribution: s Peninsular Ranges (Cuyamaca, Laguna mtns)
Distribution outside California: to New Mexico, n Mexico
Horticultural information: TRY.