TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
previous taxon |
next taxon
Jepson Interchange (more information) |
|
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual to perennial herb, taprooted, branched above, strigose-bristly; hairs minutely knobby
Leaves generally ± cauline, alternate; lower oblanceolate to ovate, base or petiole ± spreading-hairy; upper reduced, glandular
Inflorescence ± flat-topped; heads generally radiate; involucre ± bell-shaped; phyllaries in 35 graded series; receptacle naked, pitted
Ray flowers (0)1030(40); ligules yellow
Disk flowers many; corollas yellow; style branches finely papillate, appendage narrowly triangular
Fruit obconic; ray fruit ± 3-angled, pappus 0 or of bristles; disk fruit compressed, outer pappus of narrow scales < 1 mm, inner of 3045 bristles 37 mm
Species in genus: ± 30 species: especially w North America
Etymology: (Greek: different cases, from ray and disk fruits)
Reference: [Semple 1990 Brittonia 42:221228]
Native |
Perennial 113 dm, ± bristly to woolly, ± glandular above
Leaves: lower tapered; upper ± sessile, 15 cm
Inflorescence: involucre 814 mm, generally not subtended by leaf-like bracts, ± hairy and glandular
Ray flowers 330; ligules 310 mm
Disk flowers 2050; corollas 310 mm; lobes generally sparsely hairy
Ecology: Dunes, grassland, oak woodland
Elevation: < 2700 m.
Bioregional distribution: c&s North Coast, n Central Coast, c&s Sierra Nevada Foothills, Tehachapi Mountain Area, San Joaquin Valley, Central Western California, South Coast, Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges
Distribution outside California: Baja California
Highly variable, especially in CW; subspp. ± merge where ranges overlap.
Native |
Plant bristly below
Leaves flat (or ± wavy in Teh, TR), much reduced upward; hairs ± 2 mm
Inflorescence: heads many in tall plants
Disk flowers 3050
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Grasslands, oak woodlands
Elevation: < 1100 m.
Bioregional distribution: c&s Sierra Nevada Foothills, Tehachapi Mountain Area, San Joaquin Valley, Central Western California, South Coast, Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges
Synonyms: Chrysopsis villosa var. e. (Benth.) A. Gray
Sparsely glandular plants from serpentine in SnFrB with long-hairy disk corolla lobes have been called var. bolanderoides Semple; densely glandular plants from s SnFrB, n SCo with ± glabrous disk corolla lobes have been called var. camphorata (Eastw.) Semple [ Chrysopsis villosa (Pursh) Nutt. var. c. Eastw.]
Horticultural information: TRY.