| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual to perennial herb, taprooted, branched above, strigose-bristly; hairs minutely knobby
Leaves generally ± cauline, alternate; lower oblanceolate to ovate, base or petiole ± spreading-hairy; upper reduced, glandular
Inflorescence ± flat-topped; heads generally radiate; involucre ± bell-shaped; phyllaries in 3–5 graded series; receptacle naked, pitted
Ray flowers (0)10–30(40); ligules yellow
Disk flowers many; corollas yellow; style branches finely papillate, appendage narrowly triangular
Fruit obconic; ray fruit ± 3-angled, pappus 0 or of bristles; disk fruit compressed, outer pappus of narrow scales < 1 mm, inner of 30–45 bristles 3–7 mm
Species in genus: ± 30 species: especially w North America
Etymology: (Greek: different cases, from ray and disk fruits)
Reference: [Semple 1990 Brittonia 42:221–228]
| Native |
Perennial 2–10 dm, ascending to erect, ± bristly, glandular
Leaves: lower (ob)lanceolate, 0 by flower; upper sessile, wider
Inflorescence: heads discoid; involucre 7.5–14 mm; phyllaries in 5–7 series, outer 1–1.5 mm, generally lanceolate-deltate
Disk flowers 14–60; corollas 7.5–14 mm
Fruit 2–5 mm, sparsely strigose; outer pappus bristles few, < 0.5 mm, inner 30–40, ± = corolla
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Seasonally dry streambeds
Elevation: < 1000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, n Sierra Nevada Foothills, Central Western California
Distribution outside California: to Washington
Varieties intergrade
Synonyms: Chrysopsis o. (Nutt.) A. Gray
| Native |
Stems ± sparsely branched above middle
Leaves < 13 mm, < 3 mm wide, ± scabrous, glandular
Inflorescence much-branched; outer phyllaries ovate-deltate
Ecology:Habitats and elevations of sp. ±
Bioregional distribution: ± Central Western California
Synonyms: C. o. var. s. A. Gray