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	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

ASTERACEAE

SUNFLOWER FAMILY

David J. Keil, Family Editor and author, except as specified

Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.

HETEROTHECA

GOLDENASTER, TELEGRAPH WEED

John C. Semple

Annual to perennial herb, taprooted, branched above, strigose-bristly; hairs minutely knobby
Leaves generally ± cauline, alternate; lower oblanceolate to ovate, base or petiole ± spreading-hairy; upper reduced, glandular
Inflorescence ± flat-topped; heads generally radiate; involucre ± bell-shaped; phyllaries in 3–5 graded series; receptacle naked, pitted
Ray flowers (0)10–30(40); ligules yellow
Disk flowers many; corollas yellow; style branches finely papillate, appendage narrowly triangular
Fruit obconic; ray fruit ± 3-angled, pappus 0 or of bristles; disk fruit compressed, outer pappus of narrow scales < 1 mm, inner of 30–45 bristles 3–7 mm
Species in genus: ± 30 species: especially w North America
Etymology: (Greek: different cases, from ray and disk fruits)
Reference: [Semple 1990 Brittonia 42:221–228]

Native

H. oregona (Nutt.) Shinners

Perennial 2–10 dm, ascending to erect, ± bristly, glandular
Leaves: lower (ob)lanceolate, 0 by flower; upper sessile, wider
Inflorescence: heads discoid; involucre 7.5–14 mm; phyllaries in 5–7 series, outer 1–1.5 mm, generally lanceolate-deltate
Disk flowers 14–60; corollas 7.5–14 mm
Fruit 2–5 mm, sparsely strigose; outer pappus bristles few, < 0.5 mm, inner 30–40, ± = corolla
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Seasonally dry streambeds
Elevation: < 1000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, n Sierra Nevada Foothills, Central Western California
Distribution outside California: to Washington
Varieties intergrade
Synonyms: Chrysopsis o. (Nutt.) A. Gray

Native

var. compacta (D.D. Keck) Semple

Stems ± densely branched below middle
Leaves of branches long-soft-hairy and ± densely bristly, sparsely glandular, appearing gray-green
Inflorescence ± dense
Ecology: Habitats and ± range of sp. in CA.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, n Sierra Nevada Foothills, Central Western California
Synonyms: C. o. var. c. D.D. Keck
Horticultural information: TRY.