TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual
Stems generally erect
Leaves simple, opposite, petioled; blade 3-veined
Inflorescence: heads radiate or discoid, generally small, in leafy-bracted cymes; peduncles slender; involucre bell-shaped; phyllaries in 2 series, free; receptacle conic, chaffy, scales of 2 kinds, outer fused in groups of 23 together with a phyllary around a ray flower, inner narrower, subtending disk flowers
Ray flowers (0)58, ligule short, white
Disk flowers 850; corolla yellow; style tips acute
Fruit obconic, round to ± angled; pappus of fringed scales or 0
Species in genus: ± 15 species: Am tropical; some widespread weeds
Etymology: (D. Mariano Martinez de Galinsoga, Spanish physician, 18th century)
Reference: [Canne 1977 Rhodora 79:319389]
Introduced |
Annual, glabrous or sparsely soft-hairy, sometimes also glandular
Stem 1060 cm, simple or much-branched
Leaf: petiole < or = 2.5 cm; blade 111 cm, ± ovate, acute, finely dentate to coarsely serrate
Inflorescence: heads 26 mm diam; cymes round- to ± flat-topped; peduncles 140 mm; phyllaries and chaff persistent; outer phyllaries 24, 1.22.2 mm, 0.61.5 mm wide, margins scarious; inner phyllaries generally 5, 2.53.5 mm, 1.32.6 mm wide; inner chaff scales deeply 3-lobed
Ray flowers generally 5; ligules 11.5 mm
Disk flowers 850; corollas 1.31.8 mm
Fruit 1.22.5 mm, glabrous or strigose; pappus of ray achenes of 58 unequal scales < or = 1 mm; pappus of disk achenes of 1520 obtuse to acute scales < or = 2 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=16
Ecology: Gardens, fields
Elevation: generally < 1000 m.
Bioregional distribution: San Francisco Bay Area, Southwestern California, East of Sierra Nevada
Distribution outside California: worldwide; native to S.America