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	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

ASTERACEAE

SUNFLOWER FAMILY

David J. Keil, Family Editor and author, except as specified

Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.

DYSSODIA

Annual, perennial herb
Stems spreading to erect
Leaves generally pinnately divided or compound, alternate or opposite, sessile or petioled, gland-dotted
Inflorescence: heads radiate or discoid, solitary to many in cymes or secondary heads; peduncle 0 to long; bracts 0–few, scattered; involucre widely obconic to hemispheric; phyllaries in 2–3 series, free, outer (when present) linear, inner wider, overlapping; receptacle flat to convex, naked
Ray flowers (0)5–8; corollas yellow to orange
Disk flowers generally many; corollas yellow to orange; style tips truncate to conic
Fruit obconic or obpyramidal; pappus of scales dissected into bristles
Species in genus: 4 species: North America., South America
Etymology: (Greek: disagreeable odor)
Reference: [Strother 1986 Sida 11:371–378]

Introduced

D. papposa (Vent.) Hitchc.

Annual generally 1–4 dm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent
Leaves opposite below, often alternate above, 2–3 cm, divided into 11–15 narrow lobes, these sometimes again divided
Inflorescence: heads radiate, 1–few in dense cymes; peduncles 1–5 mm; involucre 4–10 mm diam, bell-shaped; outer phyllaries 4–9, linear, inner phyllaries generally 8, scarious-margined, gland-dotted
Ray flowers 8 or fewer; ligules 1.5–2 mm
Disk flowers 25–30; corollas ± 3 mm, pale yellow
Fruit 3–3.5 mm, hairy; pappus 2–3 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=26
Ecology: Roadsides, disturbed fields
Elevation: < 350 m.
Bioregional distribution: e South Coast (sw San Bernardino Co.)
Distribution outside California: widespread weed in America; native to c&e N.America, Mexico; also in w S.America