Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
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TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Perennial, glabrous to densely hairy
Stems erect
Leaves simple, basal and cauline, alternate; lower wing-petioled; upper sessile; blade 3-veined
Inflorescence: heads large, radiate, 215 in ± flat-topped cymes; peduncles short to long; involucre disk-like or widely bell-shaped; phyllaries in 2 series; receptacle ovoid to spheric, naked
Ray flowers 1435; ligules yellow to orange, elongated, 34-lobed
Disk flowers many; corollas yellow; tips of style branches truncate, shrub-like
Fruit oblong, 4-angled; hairs straight; pappus of 57 lanceolate scales
Species in genus: 3 species: w US to C.Am
Recent taxonomic note: *For revised taxonomy see Bierner 1994 Sida 16:18.
Etymology: (Dugald Stewart, Scotland, 17531828)
Reference: [Bierner 1974 Brittonia 26:385392]
Native |
Stems 39 dm, glabrous to ± hairy
Leaves entire, obtuse to acute; lower cauline and basal oblong to oblanceolate; middle oblong to elliptic; upper linear to lanceolate
Inflorescence: peduncles 316 cm, white-tomentose below heads; disk 1217 mm, 1926 mm diam; phyllaries in 2 series, outer lanceolate to ovate, ± fused, ± hairy, inner smaller, elliptic, acuminate, free, glabrous
Ray flowers 1426; ligules 1.53.5 cm, yellow to orange
Disk flowers: corollas 45.5 mm
Fruit 3.54.5 mm; pappus 34 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=30
Ecology: Meadows
Elevation: 15003000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, Sierra Nevada, Warner Mountains, n East of Sierra Nevada
Distribution outside California: to Oregon, Wyoming, New Mexico
Flowering time: JulSep
Synonyms: Helenium h. A. Gray
Recent taxonomic note: *Hymenoxys hoopesii (A. Gray) BiernerHorticultural information: IRR or WET, SUN: 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 15, 16, 18.