TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual, perennial herb, shrubs
Stems slender to stout and fleshy
Leaves simple to several times pinnately dissected, basal or cauline, opposite or less commonly alternate, sessile or petioled
Inflorescence: heads radiate, solitary or in fewmany-headed cymes; peduncles short to long; involucre hemispheric or bell-shaped; phyllaries in 2 series, outer ± spreading, thick, green, inner thin, membranous; receptacle flat to rounded, chaffy; scales flat, scarious
Ray flowers fertile or sterile; ligules generally yellow, showy
Disk flowers many; corollas 45-lobed, yellow; style tips truncate to long-tapered
Fruit: ray and disk achenes alike or different, generally compressed front-to-back, often winged; pappus 0 or of 2 awns or scales
Species in genus: ± 114 species: Am, Africa
Etymology: (Greek: bedbug-like, from fruit)
Reference: [Smith 1984 Sida 10:276289]
Native |
Annual generally 13 dm, glabrous
Stems 1many, erect
Leaves basal (or few cauline, alternate); petiole 15 mm; blade 28 cm, 12-pinnately divided into linear segments 12 mm wide, grooved above
Inflorescence: heads solitary, ± scapose; involucre cylindric, base truncate; outer phyllaries 47, 512 mm, linear; inner phyllaries 68, 610 mm, ovate, acute, margin scarious; chaff scales generally 58 mm, lanceolate to oblanceolate, fused to base of disk achenes
Ray flowers 510, fertile; ligules 525 mm, obovate, spreading, yellow
Disk flowers 2050; corollas ± 4 mm, yellow
Fruit: ray achenes 35 mm, oblong to obovate, brown or splotched with tan, rough, glabrous, wing narrow, pappus 0; disk achenes 46 mm, oblong to oblanceolate, dark brown or splotched with tan, shiny, outer face glabrous, inner face with central row of hairs, margins ciliate, hairs 11.5 mm; pappus scales 1.72.8 mm, lanceolate
Chromosomes: 2n=24
Ecology: Open woodlands, grasslands, deserts
Elevation: 1501500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Inner South Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, Tehachapi Mountain Area, s Sierra Nevada Foothills, Mojave Desert, n Sonoran Desert
Flowering time: MarMay
Horticultural information: DRN, SUN: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 &DRY: 7, 14, 15, 16.