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	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

ASTERACEAE

SUNFLOWER FAMILY

David J. Keil, Family Editor and author, except as specified

Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.

COREOPSIS

TICKSEED

Annual, perennial herb, shrubs
Stems slender to stout and fleshy
Leaves simple to several times pinnately dissected, basal or cauline, opposite or less commonly alternate, sessile or petioled
Inflorescence: heads radiate, solitary or in few–many-headed cymes; peduncles short to long; involucre hemispheric or bell-shaped; phyllaries in 2 series, outer ± spreading, thick, green, inner thin, membranous; receptacle flat to rounded, chaffy; scales flat, scarious
Ray flowers fertile or sterile; ligules generally yellow, showy
Disk flowers many; corollas 4–5-lobed, yellow; style tips truncate to long-tapered
Fruit: ray and disk achenes alike or different, generally compressed front-to-back, often winged; pappus 0 or of 2 awns or scales
Species in genus: ± 114 species: Am, Africa
Etymology: (Greek: bedbug-like, from fruit)
Reference: [Smith 1984 Sida 10:276–289]

Native

C. californica (Nutt.) H. Sharsm. var. californica

Annual generally 5–30 cm, glabrous
Stems 1–many, erect
Leaves all basal or few cauline, generally erect, 2–10 cm, 0.5 mm wide, linear, thread-like, entire or lobes 1–2, short, linear, ± cylindric, tip obtuse, red
Inflorescence: heads solitary, ± scapose; involucre widely cylindric, base rounded; outer phyllaries 2–7, 4–7 mm, narrowly lanceolate, hairs at base yellow or red, glandular, tip red; inner phyllaries 5–8, 6–10 mm, widely lanceolate, acute, margin narrowly scarious; chaff scales 4–5.5 mm, linear to oblanceolate, free from disk achenes
Ray flowers 5–12, fertile; ligules 5–15 mm, obovate, yellow
Disk flowers 10–30; corollas 3.5–5 mm, yellow
Fruits alike, 2.5–4.3 mm, obovate, rusty-tan to light brown, often red- or black-spotted near margin, puberulent (hairs club-shaped), wing irregularly thickened; pappus 0 (or scales 2)
Chromosomes: 2n=24
Ecology: Desert plains, washes
Elevation: 30–600 m.
Bioregional distribution: s San Joaquin Valley, s Inner South Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, Desert
Distribution outside California: Baja California
Flowering time: Mar–May
Horticultural information: TRY.