| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, vine
Leaves simple or compound, cauline (or most in basal rosette), alternate or opposite; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cymes, heads, or flowers solitary
Flower: calyx generally 5-ribbed, ribs often connected by translucent membranes that are generally torn by growing fruit; corolla generally 5-lobed, radial or bilateral, salverform to bell-shaped, throat often well defined; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, attached at same or different levels, filaments of same or different lengths, pollen white, yellow, blue, or red; ovary superior, chambers generally 3, style 1, stigmas generally 3
Fruit: capsule
Seeds 1–many, gelatinous or not when wet
Genera in family: 19 genera, 320 species: Am, n Eur, n Asia; some cultivated (Cantua, Cobaea (cup-and-saucer vine), Collomia, Gilia, Ipomopsis, Linanthus, Phlox )
Recent taxonomic note: *See also revised taxonomy of Porter and Johnson 2000 Aliso 19(1):55–91; Porter 1998 Aliso 17:83–85
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Annual, perennial herb, generally erect
Stem glabrous, hairy, glandular, or cobwebby
Leaves simple, generally alternate; basal generally in rosette, toothed, pinnately lobed, or entire; cauline generally reduced; leaf tips, calyx lobes acute, acuminate, or needle-like
Inflorescence: flowers solitary or clustered, 1–many in axils of bracts
Flower: calyx membranous between ribs, membrane splitting or expanding; corolla > calyx, lobes generally ovate
Fruit generally ovoid; chambers 3, valves separating from top
Seeds 3–many, brown, generally gelatinous when wet
Species in genus: ± 70 species: w North America, South America
Etymology: (Felipe Gil, 18th century Spanish botanist)
| Native |
Stem: branches many from base, spreading, 10–38 cm, leafy, glabrous or white-hairy below
Leaves hairy in axils and on upper surfaces; basal in loose cluster, 1–2-pinnate; upper palmate, lobes linear, entire
Inflorescence glandular; glands black, minute, slender-stalked
Flower: calyx ribs flat, green, wider than membrane, lobes acute or acuminate, erect or spreading; corolla 2–3 X calyx, tube included, yellow, throat exserted, yellow with purple spots below lobes, lobes spreading, blue-violet at tip, paler below; stamens attached near corolla sinuses, unequal; stamens, style slightly exserted
Seeds 16–36
Ecology: Open, grassland, hills, valleys
Elevation: < 1200 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast Ranges, Sierra Nevada Foothills, San Francisco Bay Area, San Joaquin Valley, South Coast Ranges.Sspp. intergrade.
| Native |
Inflorescence loose; pedicels 15–35 mm
Flower: calyx 3–4 mm, membrane purple or colorless; corolla 7–13 mm, lobes 3–6 mm wide, colors generally pale, throat spots in pairs
Fruit 3–6 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Habitat of sp.
Elevation: 90–1200 m.
Bioregional distribution: Sierra Nevada Foothills, San Francisco Bay Area, San Joaquin Valley, Inner South Coast Ranges.