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	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

POLEMONIACEAE

PHLOX FAMILY

Robert W. Patterson, Family Editor

Annual, perennial herb, shrub, vine
Leaves simple or compound, cauline (or most in basal rosette), alternate or opposite; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cymes, heads, or flowers solitary
Flower: calyx generally 5-ribbed, ribs often connected by translucent membranes that are generally torn by growing fruit; corolla generally 5-lobed, radial or bilateral, salverform to bell-shaped, throat often well defined; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, attached at same or different levels, filaments of same or different lengths, pollen white, yellow, blue, or red; ovary superior, chambers generally 3, style 1, stigmas generally 3
Fruit: capsule
Seeds 1–many, gelatinous or not when wet
Genera in family: 19 genera, 320 species: Am, n Eur, n Asia; some cultivated (Cantua, Cobaea (cup-and-saucer vine), Collomia, Gilia, Ipomopsis, Linanthus, Phlox )
Recent taxonomic note: *See also revised taxonomy of Porter and Johnson 2000 Aliso 19(1):55–91; Porter 1998 Aliso 17:83–85
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GILIA

Alva G. Day

Annual, perennial herb, generally erect
Stem glabrous, hairy, glandular, or cobwebby
Leaves simple, generally alternate; basal generally in rosette, toothed, pinnately lobed, or entire; cauline generally reduced; leaf tips, calyx lobes acute, acuminate, or needle-like
Inflorescence: flowers solitary or clustered, 1–many in axils of bracts
Flower: calyx membranous between ribs, membrane splitting or expanding; corolla > calyx, lobes generally ovate
Fruit generally ovoid; chambers 3, valves separating from top
Seeds 3–many, brown, generally gelatinous when wet
Species in genus: ± 70 species: w North America, South America
Etymology: (Felipe Gil, 18th century Spanish botanist)

Native

G. brecciarum M.E. Jones

Plant sometimes with skunk-like odor
Stem 8–35 cm, densely cobwebby near base
Leaves: basal in semi-erect cluster, 2–5 cm, 2-pinnate; lobes > axis width; upper cauline lobes generally finger-like, middle lobe widest
Inflorescence: flowers (and generally fruits) clustered; pedicel glands dense, minute, black, stalked
Flower: calyx lobes acute, spreading, ribs thick, densely glandular, width > membrane, membrane generally purple-tinged
Fruit 4–7 mm, widely ovoid
Ecology: Open, sandy places
Elevation: 500–2300 m.
Bioregional distribution: c&s High Sierra Nevada, Tehachapi Mountain Area, Inner South Coast Ranges, Western Transverse Ranges, n edge San Gabriel Mountains, Great Basin Floristic Province, Mojave Desert
Distribution outside California: to se Oregon, Nevada, Utah
Sspp. intergrade somewhat in s CA.

Native

subsp. brecciarum

Stem: branches spreading
Flower: corolla 7–11 mm, tube included, purple, throat exserted, narrowly V-shaped, purple below, yellow and purple-veined above, lobes pinkish lavender with white base; stamens, style slightly exserted
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Sandy flats in open woodlands or scrub
Elevation: 1200–2300 m.
Bioregional distribution: s High Sierra Nevada, Tehachapi Mountain Area, n edge San Gabriel Mountains, Great Basin Floristic Province, Desert Mountains (Cottonwood Mtns)
Distribution outside California: to se Oregon, Nevada, Utah
Flowering time: Apr–Jun