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PAPAVERACEAE

POPPY FAMILY

Curtis Clark

Annual to small tree; sap often colored, often milky
Leaves basal, cauline, or both, generally toothed, lobed, or dissected; cauline generally alternate; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, or panicle (terminal), or flower solitary
Flower bisexual, generally radial; sepals 2–4, sometimes shed ± at flower; petals generally 4 or 6 (or more), sometimes in 2 unlike pairs; stamens 4–many; ovary generally 1, superior, chamber generally 1, stigma lobes 0–many, ovules 1–many
Fruit: generally capsule, dehiscent by valves or pores, generally septicidal
Genera in family: 40 genera, 400 sp.: n temp, n tropical, s Africa; some cultivated (Papaver, Dicentra, Eschscholzia ). Petal length includes any spur or pouch. Hunnemannia fumariifolia Sweet (Eschscholzia-like garden per with free sepals) an uncommon waif in CA. Corydalis, Dicentra, Fumaria formerly treated in Fumariaceae.

CORYDALIS

Annual to perennial herb, glabrous, glaucous; sap colorless
Leaves deeply pinnately dissected
Inflorescence: raceme or panicle
Flower bilateral; sepals 2, shed at flower; petals 4, yellow or white to pink, persistent after pollination, outer 2 petals free, not alike, keeled (upper spurred at base), inner 2 petals adherent at tips, oblanceolate, crested on back; stamens 6, ± fused in 2 sets, opposite outer petals; ovary lanceolate, placentas 2, style 1, stigma lobes 4–8
Fruit generally cylindric to oblong, dehiscent from tip
Seeds several–many, 2–2.5 mm, round-reniform, smooth or rough, black
Species in genus: ± 100 species: n hemisphere, s Africa (some ornamental)
Etymology: (Greek: crested lark)

Native

C. caseana A. Gray subsp. caseana

SIERRA CORYDALIS, FITWEED

Perennial 50–100 cm, glaucous
Leaves several, 15–35 cm
Inflorescence: raceme or panicle, dense, narrow
Flower: petals 10–12 mm, white to pink, becoming purple-tipped, spur 12–16 mm
Fruit 10–15 mm, oblong
Ecology: UNCOMMON. Damp, shaded areas
Elevation: 2400–5400 m.
Bioregional distribution: High Cascade Range, n High Sierra Nevada, s Modoc Plateau.Other subspp. in OR, Rocky Mtns. TOXIC, eaten by naive livestock
Horticultural information: TRY.

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