TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Perennial from rhizome (above ground stem annual or perennial herb)
Stem generally erect, ridged lengthwise, hollow except at nodes, sometimes of 2 kinds (sterile, fertile); branches 0 or whorled and alternate leaves, sometimes solid
Leaves scale-like, whorled, fused into nodal sheath with as many teeth as leaves, generally not green
Sporangia several on inner surface of peltate scales that are clustered into a terminal cone; spores of 1 kind per sp., spheric, green, unmarked, with 4 strap-like appendages
Genera in family: 1 genus, 15 species: worldwide except Australia, New Zealand
Reference: [Hauke 1978 Nova Hedwigia 30:385455]
Etymology: (Latin: horse, bristle, from roots of E. fluviatile L.)
Native |
Stems annual, of 2 kinds
Sterile stem 30100 cm, light green; basal internode of branch < subtending sheath; sheath 718 mm, ± as long as wide, teeth 1428, 410 mm; branch with 45 grooved ridges, solid
Fertile stem 1745 cm, unbranched, fleshy, brown, ephemeral; sheath 1.54 cm, > that of sterile stem, teeth 2030, 516 mm
Ecology: Streambanks, roadside ditches, seepage areas
Elevation: < 1000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Central Western California, Southwestern California
Distribution outside California: along coast to British Columbia
(other subsp. in Eur, Asia). Sometimes invasive
Horticultural information: WET: 1, 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17, 24 &SHD: 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23; INV; STBL.