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	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

HYDROPHYLLACEAE

WATERLEAF FAMILY

Richard R. Halse, except as specified; Robert W. Patterson, Family Editor

Annual, perennial herb, shrub, generally hairy, generally taprooted
Stem prostrate to erect
Leaves simple to pinnately compound, basal or cauline, alternate or opposite; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cyme (generally raceme-like and coiled) or flowers solitary
Flower bisexual, generally radial; calyx lobes generally 5, generally fused at base, generally persistent, enlarging in fruit; corolla generally deciduous, rotate to cylindric, lobes generally 5, appendages in pairs on tube between filaments or 0; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, filament base sometimes appendaged, appendages scale-like; ovary generally superior, chamber 1, placentas 2, parietal, enlarged into chamber, sometimes meeting so ovary appears 2–5-chambered, styles 1–2, stigmas generally head-like
Fruit: capsule, generally loculicidal; valves generally 2
Genera in family: 20 genera, 300 species: especially w US; some cultivated (Emmenanthe, Nemophila, Phacelia )
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to be included in an expanded Boraginaceae (also including Lennoaceae) [Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 1998 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 85:531–553; Olmstead et al. 2000 Mol Phylog Evol 16:96–112]

NAMA

PURPLE MAT

John D. Bacon

Generally annual, hairy
Leaves cauline, generally alternate, simple; margin entire, wavy, crenate, or rolled under
Inflorescence: clusters (generally terminal, leafy) or flowers solitary or paired in axils, not coiled
Flower: corolla salverform to bell-shaped; stamens generally attached to corolla at different levels, generally unequal, portion fused to corolla generally narrowly winged; scales at filament base 0
Fruit generally loculicidal, ovoid to elliptic
Seeds generally many, small, reddish brown, brown, black or yellow
Species in genus: ± 55 species: sw US, tropical Am, Hawaii
Etymology: (Greek: a stream)
Reference: [Hitchcock 1933 Amer J Bot 20:415–430, 518–534]

Native

N. stenocarpum A. Gray

Plant short-soft-silky-hairy and short-glandular-hairy; some hairs stiff and swollen at base
Stem prostrate to ascending, freely branched, 8–40 cm
Leaf 5–30 mm, oblanceolate, oblong, or spoon-shaped, margins wavy, generally slightly rolled under; base generally slightly clasping stem; petiole 0(–3) mm
Inflorescence: pedicels < or = 5 mm
Flower: sepals 3–6 mm (–9 mm in fruit), oblanceolate to spoon-shaped, generally bristly; corolla 4–6 mm, ± funnel-shaped, white to cream, limb 3–5 mm diam, lobes 1–2 mm, 2–3 mm wide; stamens 2–4 mm, attached 0.5–1.5 mm above corolla base, filament generally toothed at attachment point; ovary partly inferior, styles 1–2 mm, generally fused at base
Fruit 3–9 mm
Seed ± 0.5 mm, irregularly angled, tan to brown; surface honeycombed
Chromosomes: 2n=14
Ecology: Intermittently wet areas
Elevation: < 500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Southwestern California
Distribution outside California: to Texas, Mexico