| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, generally hairy, generally taprooted
Stem prostrate to erect
Leaves simple to pinnately compound, basal or cauline, alternate or opposite; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cyme (generally raceme-like and coiled) or flowers solitary
Flower bisexual, generally radial; calyx lobes generally 5, generally fused at base, generally persistent, enlarging in fruit; corolla generally deciduous, rotate to cylindric, lobes generally 5, appendages in pairs on tube between filaments or 0; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, filament base sometimes appendaged, appendages scale-like; ovary generally superior, chamber 1, placentas 2, parietal, enlarged into chamber, sometimes meeting so ovary appears 2–5-chambered, styles 1–2, stigmas generally head-like
Fruit: capsule, generally loculicidal; valves generally 2
Genera in family: 20 genera, 300 species: especially w US; some cultivated (Emmenanthe, Nemophila, Phacelia )
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to be included in an expanded Boraginaceae (also including Lennoaceae) [Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 1998 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 85:531–553; Olmstead et al. 2000 Mol Phylog Evol 16:96–112]
Generally annual, hairy
Leaves cauline, generally alternate, simple; margin entire, wavy, crenate, or rolled under
Inflorescence: clusters (generally terminal, leafy) or flowers solitary or paired in axils, not coiled
Flower: corolla salverform to bell-shaped; stamens generally attached to corolla at different levels, generally unequal, portion fused to corolla generally narrowly winged; scales at filament base 0
Fruit generally loculicidal, ovoid to elliptic
Seeds generally many, small, reddish brown, brown, black or yellow
Species in genus: ± 55 species: sw US, tropical Am, Hawaii
Etymology: (Greek: a stream)
Reference: [Hitchcock 1933 Amer J Bot 20:415–430, 518–534]
| Native |
Plant puberulent; hairs pointed, appressed to ascending
Stem prostrate, forked, 2–10 cm; lower 1/2 of stem generally leafless
Leaf 2–16 mm, long-tapered, oblanceolate to spoon-shaped; petiole 0
Inflorescence: flowers pediceled
Flower: sepals 3–5 mm, linear to slightly spoon-shaped; corolla 3–6 mm, funnel-shaped-salverform, pink or white, limb 2–4 mm diam, lobes 0.6–1.2 mm, 0.8–1.2 mm wide; stamens 2–3 mm, attached 1–2 mm above corolla base; styles 1–2 mm
Fruit 2–4 mm
Seed 0.4–0.7 mm, oblong to ovoid, brown, slightly cross-ridged, generally with prominent depressions
Chromosomes: 2n=14
Ecology: Dry, sandy or gravelly flats, slopes
Elevation: 600–1600 m.
Bioregional distribution: s High Sierra Nevada, East of Sierra Nevada, Mojave Desert
Distribution outside California: Nevada
Flowering time: Apr–May