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HYDROPHYLLACEAE

WATERLEAF FAMILY

Richard R. Halse, except as specified; Robert W. Patterson, Family Editor

Annual, perennial herb, shrub, generally hairy, generally taprooted
Stem prostrate to erect
Leaves simple to pinnately compound, basal or cauline, alternate or opposite; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cyme (generally raceme-like and coiled) or flowers solitary
Flower bisexual, generally radial; calyx lobes generally 5, generally fused at base, generally persistent, enlarging in fruit; corolla generally deciduous, rotate to cylindric, lobes generally 5, appendages in pairs on tube between filaments or 0; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, filament base sometimes appendaged, appendages scale-like; ovary generally superior, chamber 1, placentas 2, parietal, enlarged into chamber, sometimes meeting so ovary appears 2–5-chambered, styles 1–2, stigmas generally head-like
Fruit: capsule, generally loculicidal; valves generally 2
Genera in family: 20 genera, 300 species: especially w US; some cultivated (Emmenanthe, Nemophila, Phacelia )
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to be included in an expanded Boraginaceae (also including Lennoaceae) [Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 1998 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 85:531–553; Olmstead et al. 2000 Mol Phylog Evol 16:96–112]

NAMA

PURPLE MAT

John D. Bacon

Generally annual, hairy
Leaves cauline, generally alternate, simple; margin entire, wavy, crenate, or rolled under
Inflorescence: clusters (generally terminal, leafy) or flowers solitary or paired in axils, not coiled
Flower: corolla salverform to bell-shaped; stamens generally attached to corolla at different levels, generally unequal, portion fused to corolla generally narrowly winged; scales at filament base 0
Fruit generally loculicidal, ovoid to elliptic
Seeds generally many, small, reddish brown, brown, black or yellow
Species in genus: ± 55 species: sw US, tropical Am, Hawaii
Etymology: (Greek: a stream)
Reference: [Hitchcock 1933 Amer J Bot 20:415–430, 518–534]

Native

N. demissum A. Gray

Hairs generally dense, fine to coarse, generally mealy-glandular, bases swollen
Stem prostrate, forked, 3–20 cm
Inflorescence: pedicels 0–5 mm
Flower: corolla funnel-shaped to salverform; stamens attached 2–4 mm above corolla base
Seed ± 0.5 mm, slightly cross-ridged, with depressions
Ecology: Sandy or gravelly flats
Elevation: < 1600 m.
Bioregional distribution: s High Sierra Nevada, Southwestern California, East of Sierra Nevada, Desert
Distribution outside California: to Utah, Arizona, Mexico

Native

var. demissum

Hairs < 1 mm, finely strigose
Leaf 1–4 cm, linear to spoon-shaped, long-tapered; petiole 0
Flower: sepals 3–8 mm, linear-lanceolate; corolla 7–14 mm, blue-purple to rose-pink, limb 5–9 mm diam, lobes 2–3 mm, 2–4 mm wide; stamens 4–7 mm; styles 3–6 mm
Fruit 3–4 mm
Seed elliptic-ovoid, brown to black
Chromosomes: 2n=14
Ecology: Sandy or gravelly flats, slopes
Elevation: 500–1600 m.
Bioregional distribution: s High Sierra Nevada, Southwestern California, East of Sierra Nevada, Desert
Distribution outside California: Nevada, Arizona, Mexico
Flowering time: Mar–May
Synonyms: var. deserti Brand

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bioregional map for NAMA%20demissum%20var.%20demissum being generated
 

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