TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, generally hairy, generally taprooted
Stem prostrate to erect
Leaves simple to pinnately compound, basal or cauline, alternate or opposite; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cyme (generally raceme-like and coiled) or flowers solitary
Flower bisexual, generally radial; calyx lobes generally 5, generally fused at base, generally persistent, enlarging in fruit; corolla generally deciduous, rotate to cylindric, lobes generally 5, appendages in pairs on tube between filaments or 0; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, filament base sometimes appendaged, appendages scale-like; ovary generally superior, chamber 1, placentas 2, parietal, enlarged into chamber, sometimes meeting so ovary appears 25-chambered, styles 12, stigmas generally head-like
Fruit: capsule, generally loculicidal; valves generally 2
Genera in family: 20 genera, 300 species: especially w US; some cultivated (Emmenanthe, Nemophila, Phacelia )
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to be included in an expanded Boraginaceae (also including Lennoaceae) [Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 1998 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 85:531553; Olmstead et al. 2000 Mol Phylog Evol 16:96112]
Generally annual, hairy
Leaves cauline, generally alternate, simple; margin entire, wavy, crenate, or rolled under
Inflorescence: clusters (generally terminal, leafy) or flowers solitary or paired in axils, not coiled
Flower: corolla salverform to bell-shaped; stamens generally attached to corolla at different levels, generally unequal, portion fused to corolla generally narrowly winged; scales at filament base 0
Fruit generally loculicidal, ovoid to elliptic
Seeds generally many, small, reddish brown, brown, black or yellow
Species in genus: ± 55 species: sw US, tropical Am, Hawaii
Etymology: (Greek: a stream)
Reference: [Hitchcock 1933 Amer J Bot 20:415430, 518534]
Native |
Hairs generally dense, fine to coarse, generally mealy-glandular, bases swollen
Stem prostrate, forked, 320 cm
Inflorescence: pedicels 05 mm
Flower: corolla funnel-shaped to salverform; stamens attached 24 mm above corolla base
Seed ± 0.5 mm, slightly cross-ridged, with depressions
Ecology: Sandy or gravelly flats
Elevation: < 1600 m.
Bioregional distribution: s High Sierra Nevada, Southwestern California, East of Sierra Nevada, Desert
Distribution outside California: to Utah, Arizona, Mexico
Native |
Hairs < 1 mm, finely strigose
Leaf 14 cm, linear to spoon-shaped, long-tapered; petiole 0
Flower: sepals 38 mm, linear-lanceolate; corolla 714 mm, blue-purple to rose-pink, limb 59 mm diam, lobes 23 mm, 24 mm wide; stamens 47 mm; styles 36 mm
Fruit 34 mm
Seed elliptic-ovoid, brown to black
Chromosomes: 2n=14
Ecology: Sandy or gravelly flats, slopes
Elevation: 5001600 m.
Bioregional distribution: s High Sierra Nevada, Southwestern California, East of Sierra Nevada, Desert
Distribution outside California: Nevada, Arizona, Mexico
Flowering time: MarMay
Synonyms: var. deserti Brand