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	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

HYDROPHYLLACEAE

WATERLEAF FAMILY

Richard R. Halse, except as specified; Robert W. Patterson, Family Editor

Annual, perennial herb, shrub, generally hairy, generally taprooted
Stem prostrate to erect
Leaves simple to pinnately compound, basal or cauline, alternate or opposite; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cyme (generally raceme-like and coiled) or flowers solitary
Flower bisexual, generally radial; calyx lobes generally 5, generally fused at base, generally persistent, enlarging in fruit; corolla generally deciduous, rotate to cylindric, lobes generally 5, appendages in pairs on tube between filaments or 0; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, filament base sometimes appendaged, appendages scale-like; ovary generally superior, chamber 1, placentas 2, parietal, enlarged into chamber, sometimes meeting so ovary appears 2–5-chambered, styles 1–2, stigmas generally head-like
Fruit: capsule, generally loculicidal; valves generally 2
Genera in family: 20 genera, 300 species: especially w US; some cultivated (Emmenanthe, Nemophila, Phacelia )
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to be included in an expanded Boraginaceae (also including Lennoaceae) [Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 1998 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 85:531–553; Olmstead et al. 2000 Mol Phylog Evol 16:96–112]

EMMENANTHE

Species in genus: 1 sp
Etymology: (Greek: abiding flower, from persistent corolla)

Native

E. penduliflora Benth.

WHISPERING BELLS

Annual, glandular, sticky, odorous
Stem erect, simple to many-branched, 5–85 cm
Leaves simple, basal, cauline, alternate; lower short-petioled; upper sessile, generally clasping, 1–12 cm, generally < 3 cm wide, toothed to deeply pinnately lobed
Inflorescence terminal; pedicels 5–15 mm in flower, 12–25 mm in fruit, thread-like, recurved
Flower: calyx lobes 4–11 mm, 1–4 mm wide, lanceolate, glandular; corolla persistent, withering, enclosing fruit, 6–15 mm, bell-shaped, white, yellow, or pink, hairy, glandular; stamens included; ovary chambers 2, style included, lobes 2, 1–4 mm
Fruit 7–10 mm, 2–4 mm wide, glandular
Seeds 6–15, flat, oval, brown; surface honeycombed
Chromosomes: n=18
Ecology: Dry, open slopes, common after burns, disturbances
Elevation: < 2200 m.
Bioregional distribution: High North Coast Ranges, Inner North Coast Ranges, c&s Sierra Nevada, San Joaquin Valley, Central Western California, Southwestern California, East of Sierra Nevada, Desert
Distribution outside California: to Nevada, Utah, Arizona

Native

var. rosea Brand

Flower: corolla white to pink
Ecology: Talus slopes, rocky, sandy, or serpentine soils
Elevation: 400–1800 m.
Bioregional distribution: San Francisco Bay Area, Inner South Coast Ranges, n Western Transverse Ranges (Mount Pinos)
Synonyms: E. rosea (Brand) Constance
Horticultural information: DRN, DRY: 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 &SUN: 6, 17, 24.