TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves generally compound, alternate, stipuled; leaflets generally entire
Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, umbel or head; flowers sometime 12 in axils
Flowers generally bisexual, generally bilateral; hypanthium generally flat or cup-like; sepals generally 5, fused; petals generally 5, free, or the 2 lower ± fused; stamens 1many, often 10 with 9 filaments at least partly fused, 1 (uppermost) free; pistil 1, ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, ovules 1many, style, stigma 1
Fruit: legume, sometimes including a stalk-like base above receptacle, dehiscent, or indehiscent and breaking into 1-seeded segments, or indehiscent, 1-seeded, and achene-like
Seeds 1several, often ± reniform, generally hard, smooth
Genera in family: ± 650 genera, 18,000 species: worldwide; with grasses, requisite in agriculture and most natural ecosystems. Many cultivated, most importantly Arachis , peanut; Glycine , soybean; Phaseolus , beans; Medicago ; Trifolium ; and many orns
Reference: [Polhill & Raven (eds) 1981 Advances in legume systematics; Allen & Allen 1981 Leguminosae]
Family description and key to genera by Duane Isely.
Annual to shrubs; cotyledons generally petioled, withering early
Stem generally erect
Leaves palmately compound in CA, generally cauline; stipules fused to petiole; leaflets 317, generally oblanceolate, entire
Inflorescence: raceme; flowers spiraled or whorled; bracts generally deciduous
Flower: calyx 2-lipped, lobes entire or toothed, generally appendaged between lobes; banner centrally grooved, sides reflexed, wing tips slightly fused, keel generally pointed; stamens 10, filaments fused, 5 long with short anthers, 5 short with long anthers; style brushy
Fruit dehiscent, generally oblong
Seeds 212, generally smooth
Species in genus: ± 200 species: especially w North America, w South America to e US, also tropical South America, Medit
Etymology: (Latin: wolf, from mistaken idea that plants rob soil of nutrients)
Some cultivated for fodder, green manure, edible seed, ornamental; some naturalized from CA in e North America, South America, Australia, s Africa;some (e.g . L. arboreus, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus ) have alkaloids (especially in seeds, fruits, young herbage) TOXIC to livestock (especially sheep)
Reference: [Barneby 1989 Intermountain Flora 3(B):237267]
Infl length does not include peduncle
Horticultural information: Many lupine taxa need seed pre-treatment (scarification, stratification, inoculation) for successful germination.
Native |
Annual 24 dm, short-appressed- and long-spreading-hairy
Leaf: petiole 34 cm; leaflets 711, 1530 mm, 24 mm wide, linear to oblanceolate, upper surface hairy at least near margins
Inflorescence 1520 cm; flowers spiraled, sometimes appearing ± whorled; peduncle 24 cm; bracts 35 mm, < buds, generally deciduous; pedicels 24 mm
Flower generally 1012 mm; calyx 36 mm, lips ± equal, upper lip deeply lobed; petals generally blue (pinkish), drying darker, banner spot whitish becoming magenta, lower (and often upper) margins of keel ciliate near claw
Fruit 12 cm, ± 5 mm wide, coarsely hairy
Seeds 45
Ecology: Washes, sandy areas
Elevation: < 1300 m.
Bioregional distribution: s South Coast Ranges, Southwestern California, Mojave Desert
Distribution outside California: to Utah, Arizona, n Mexico
Flowering time: MarMay
Locally common. Plants in DMoj (often with smaller flowers) have been called subsp. mohavensis Dziekanowski & D.B. Dunn; plants in sw SCo (with pinkish flowers, truncate leaflets) have been called var. inopinatus (C.P. Sm.) Dziekanowski & D.B. Dunn
Horticultural information: STBL.