TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL	previous taxon | next taxon Jepson Interchange (more information)
	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

FABACEAE

LEGUME FAMILY

Annual to tree
Leaves generally compound, alternate, stipuled; leaflets generally entire
Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, umbel or head; flowers sometime 1–2 in axils
Flowers generally bisexual, generally bilateral; hypanthium generally flat or cup-like; sepals generally 5, fused; petals generally 5, free, or the 2 lower ± fused; stamens 1–many, often 10 with 9 filaments at least partly fused, 1 (uppermost) free; pistil 1, ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, ovules 1–many, style, stigma 1
Fruit: legume, sometimes including a stalk-like base above receptacle, dehiscent, or indehiscent and breaking into 1-seeded segments, or indehiscent, 1-seeded, and achene-like
Seeds 1–several, often ± reniform, generally hard, smooth
Genera in family: ± 650 genera, 18,000 species: worldwide; with grasses, requisite in agriculture and most natural ecosystems. Many cultivated, most importantly Arachis , peanut; Glycine , soybean; Phaseolus , beans; Medicago ; Trifolium ; and many orns. [Polhill & Raven (eds) 1981 Advances in legume systematics; Allen & Allen 1981 Leguminosae] Family description and key to genera by Duane Isely.

LUPINUS

LUPINE

Rhonda Riggins (annual) and Teresa Sholars (perennial herbs to shrubs)

Annual to shrubs; cotyledons generally petioled, withering early
Stem generally erect
Leaves palmately compound in CA, generally cauline; stipules fused to petiole; leaflets 3–17, generally oblanceolate, entire
Inflorescence: raceme; flowers spiraled or whorled; bracts generally deciduous
Flower: calyx 2-lipped, lobes entire or toothed, generally appendaged between lobes; banner centrally grooved, sides reflexed, wing tips slightly fused, keel generally pointed; stamens 10, filaments fused, 5 long with short anthers, 5 short with long anthers; style brushy
Fruit dehiscent, generally oblong
Seeds 2–12, generally smooth
Species in genus: ± 200 species: especially w North America, w South America to e US, also tropical South America, Medit
Etymology: (Latin: wolf, from mistaken idea that plants rob soil of nutrients)
Some cultivated for fodder, green manure, edible seed, ornamental; some naturalized from CA in e North America, South America, Australia, s Africa; some (e.g. L. arboreus, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus ) have alkaloids (especially in seeds, fruits, young herbage) TOXIC to livestock (especially sheep)
Reference: [Barneby 1989 Intermountain Flora 3(B):237–267]
Infl length does not include peduncle
Horticultural information: Many lupine taxa need seed pre-treatment (scarification, stratification, inoculation) for successful germination.

Native

L. polyphyllus Lindl.

Perennial 2–15 dm, green, glabrous or sparsely hairy
Stem erect, stout
Leaves basal and cauline; stipules 5–30 mm; petioles 3–45 cm, upper shorter; leaflets 5–17, 40–150 mm
Inflorescence 6–40 cm, open; peduncle 3–13 cm; pedicel 3–15 mm; flowers ± whorled; bracts 7–11 mm, deciduous
Flower 9–15 mm; calyx lips entire, upper lip 4–7 mm, lower lip 4–7 mm; petals violet to lavender to pink to white, banner back glabrous, patch yellow to white sometimes turning red-purple, keel upcurved, generally glabrous
Fruit 2.5–4 cm, hairy
Seeds 3–9
Chromosomes: 2n=48
Ecology: Moist areas to bogs
Elevation: < 3000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, High Sierra Nevada, Central Coast, San Francisco Bay Area, Outer South Coast Ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, San Bernardino Mountains, San Jacinto Mountains, Great Basin Floristic Province
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, also in Idaho, Nevada

Native

var. pallidipes (A. Heller) C.P. Sm.

Leaf: leaflets 9–17, generally minutely hairy (appearing ± glabrous)
Ecology: Moist to wet places
Elevation: < 2500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, High North Coast Ranges, Cascade Range
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia
Horticultural information: TRY.