TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves generally compound, alternate, stipuled; leaflets generally entire
Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, umbel or head; flowers sometime 12 in axils
Flowers generally bisexual, generally bilateral; hypanthium generally flat or cup-like; sepals generally 5, fused; petals generally 5, free, or the 2 lower ± fused; stamens 1many, often 10 with 9 filaments at least partly fused, 1 (uppermost) free; pistil 1, ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, ovules 1many, style, stigma 1
Fruit: legume, sometimes including a stalk-like base above receptacle, dehiscent, or indehiscent and breaking into 1-seeded segments, or indehiscent, 1-seeded, and achene-like
Seeds 1several, often ± reniform, generally hard, smooth
Genera in family: ± 650 genera, 18,000 species: worldwide; with grasses, requisite in agriculture and most natural ecosystems. Many cultivated, most importantly Arachis , peanut; Glycine , soybean; Phaseolus , beans; Medicago ; Trifolium ; and many orns
Reference: [Polhill & Raven (eds) 1981 Advances in legume systematics; Allen & Allen 1981 Leguminosae]
Family description and key to genera by Duane Isely.
Annual to shrubs; cotyledons generally petioled, withering early
Stem generally erect
Leaves palmately compound in CA, generally cauline; stipules fused to petiole; leaflets 317, generally oblanceolate, entire
Inflorescence: raceme; flowers spiraled or whorled; bracts generally deciduous
Flower: calyx 2-lipped, lobes entire or toothed, generally appendaged between lobes; banner centrally grooved, sides reflexed, wing tips slightly fused, keel generally pointed; stamens 10, filaments fused, 5 long with short anthers, 5 short with long anthers; style brushy
Fruit dehiscent, generally oblong
Seeds 212, generally smooth
Species in genus: ± 200 species: especially w North America, w South America to e US, also tropical South America, Medit
Etymology: (Latin: wolf, from mistaken idea that plants rob soil of nutrients)
Some cultivated for fodder, green manure, edible seed, ornamental; some naturalized from CA in e North America, South America, Australia, s Africa;some (e.g . L. arboreus, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus ) have alkaloids (especially in seeds, fruits, young herbage) TOXIC to livestock (especially sheep)
Reference: [Barneby 1989 Intermountain Flora 3(B):237267]
Infl length does not include peduncle
Horticultural information: Many lupine taxa need seed pre-treatment (scarification, stratification, inoculation) for successful germination.
Native |
Annual 13 dm, sparsely short-hairy when young, becoming glabrous; cotyledons disk-like, persistent
Leaves basal; petioles 212 cm; leaflets 79, 1020 mm, 38 mm wide, sometimes obovate, bright green
Inflorescence 413 cm; flowers spiraled; peduncle 615 cm; bracts 24 mm, straight, persistent, tips sparsely ciliate; pedicels 35 mm
Flower with violet odor, 710 mm; calyx tips generally glabrous, rarely ciliate, upper lip 33.5 mm, rounded or 2-toothed, lower lip 45 mm; petals deep blue-purple, banner spot white or yellow becoming magenta, keel glabrous
Fruit 1.52.5 cm, ± 8 mm wide, oblong, upper suture wavy, densely long-ciliate, sides glabrous or with a few short hairs that become scale-like when dry
Seeds 26, wrinkled
Ecology: Sandy flats, open areas
Elevation: < 1600 m.
Bioregional distribution: Great Basin Floristic Province, Mojave Desert
Distribution outside California: Nevada, Arizona
Flowering time: AprMay
Plants having sparsely hairy peduncles, petioles, and lower leaf surfaces have been called var. pilosellus C.P. Sm., may be confused with L. flavoculatus
Horticultural information: TRY.