TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves generally compound, alternate, stipuled; leaflets generally entire
Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, umbel or head; flowers sometime 12 in axils
Flowers generally bisexual, generally bilateral; hypanthium generally flat or cup-like; sepals generally 5, fused; petals generally 5, free, or the 2 lower ± fused; stamens 1many, often 10 with 9 filaments at least partly fused, 1 (uppermost) free; pistil 1, ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, ovules 1many, style, stigma 1
Fruit: legume, sometimes including a stalk-like base above receptacle, dehiscent, or indehiscent and breaking into 1-seeded segments, or indehiscent, 1-seeded, and achene-like
Seeds 1several, often ± reniform, generally hard, smooth
Genera in family: ± 650 genera, 18,000 species: worldwide; with grasses, requisite in agriculture and most natural ecosystems. Many cultivated, most importantly Arachis , peanut; Glycine , soybean; Phaseolus , beans; Medicago ; Trifolium ; and many orns
Reference: [Polhill & Raven (eds) 1981 Advances in legume systematics; Allen & Allen 1981 Leguminosae]
Family description and key to genera by Duane Isely.
Annual to shrubs; cotyledons generally petioled, withering early
Stem generally erect
Leaves palmately compound in CA, generally cauline; stipules fused to petiole; leaflets 317, generally oblanceolate, entire
Inflorescence: raceme; flowers spiraled or whorled; bracts generally deciduous
Flower: calyx 2-lipped, lobes entire or toothed, generally appendaged between lobes; banner centrally grooved, sides reflexed, wing tips slightly fused, keel generally pointed; stamens 10, filaments fused, 5 long with short anthers, 5 short with long anthers; style brushy
Fruit dehiscent, generally oblong
Seeds 212, generally smooth
Species in genus: ± 200 species: especially w North America, w South America to e US, also tropical South America, Medit
Etymology: (Latin: wolf, from mistaken idea that plants rob soil of nutrients)
Some cultivated for fodder, green manure, edible seed, ornamental; some naturalized from CA in e North America, South America, Australia, s Africa;some (e.g . L. arboreus, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus ) have alkaloids (especially in seeds, fruits, young herbage) TOXIC to livestock (especially sheep)
Reference: [Barneby 1989 Intermountain Flora 3(B):237267]
Infl length does not include peduncle
Horticultural information: Many lupine taxa need seed pre-treatment (scarification, stratification, inoculation) for successful germination.
Native |
Perennial or subshrub < 2 dm, matted or tufted, silvery-silky
Stem prostrate; base ± woody
Leaves cauline, clustered near base; stipules 25 mm; petiole 15(6) cm; leaflets 510, 320 mm
Inflorescence 110 cm, ± dense; peduncle 18 cm; pedicel 13(4) mm; bracts 35 mm, deciduous
Flower 411 mm; calyx upper lip 47 mm, 2-toothed, lower lip 46 mm, entire to 3-toothed; petals blue to violet, banner back glabrous to densely hairy, patch white or yellow, keel straight, upper keel margins glabrous or ciliate, lower keel margins glabrous
Fruit 12 cm, silky
Seeds 34, 34 mm, mottled tan, brown
Ecology: Common. Generally open montane forest
Elevation: 10004000 m.
Bioregional distribution: California Floristic Province, East of Sierra Nevada
Distribution outside California: s Oregon, Nevada
Native |
Subshrub, matted
Leaf: leaflets 611 mm
Inflorescence 210 cm; peduncle 28 cm
Flower 611 mm; keel ciliate, banner back ± silky
Ecology: Volcanic sand
Elevation: 20003500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Sierra Nevada, San Bernardino Mountains, East of Sierra Nevada
Flowering time: JunAug
Horticultural information: TRY.