TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves generally compound, alternate, stipuled; leaflets generally entire
Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, umbel or head; flowers sometime 12 in axils
Flowers generally bisexual, generally bilateral; hypanthium generally flat or cup-like; sepals generally 5, fused; petals generally 5, free, or the 2 lower ± fused; stamens 1many, often 10 with 9 filaments at least partly fused, 1 (uppermost) free; pistil 1, ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, ovules 1many, style, stigma 1
Fruit: legume, sometimes including a stalk-like base above receptacle, dehiscent, or indehiscent and breaking into 1-seeded segments, or indehiscent, 1-seeded, and achene-like
Seeds 1several, often ± reniform, generally hard, smooth
Genera in family: ± 650 genera, 18,000 species: worldwide; with grasses, requisite in agriculture and most natural ecosystems. Many cultivated, most importantly Arachis , peanut; Glycine , soybean; Phaseolus , beans; Medicago ; Trifolium ; and many orns
Reference: [Polhill & Raven (eds) 1981 Advances in legume systematics; Allen & Allen 1981 Leguminosae]
Family description and key to genera by Duane Isely.
Annual to shrubs; cotyledons generally petioled, withering early
Stem generally erect
Leaves palmately compound in CA, generally cauline; stipules fused to petiole; leaflets 317, generally oblanceolate, entire
Inflorescence: raceme; flowers spiraled or whorled; bracts generally deciduous
Flower: calyx 2-lipped, lobes entire or toothed, generally appendaged between lobes; banner centrally grooved, sides reflexed, wing tips slightly fused, keel generally pointed; stamens 10, filaments fused, 5 long with short anthers, 5 short with long anthers; style brushy
Fruit dehiscent, generally oblong
Seeds 212, generally smooth
Species in genus: ± 200 species: especially w North America, w South America to e US, also tropical South America, Medit
Etymology: (Latin: wolf, from mistaken idea that plants rob soil of nutrients)
Some cultivated for fodder, green manure, edible seed, ornamental; some naturalized from CA in e North America, South America, Australia, s Africa;some (e.g . L. arboreus, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus ) have alkaloids (especially in seeds, fruits, young herbage) TOXIC to livestock (especially sheep)
Reference: [Barneby 1989 Intermountain Flora 3(B):237267]
Infl length does not include peduncle
Horticultural information: Many lupine taxa need seed pre-treatment (scarification, stratification, inoculation) for successful germination.
Native |
Subshrub or shrub < 50 dm, hairy, generally silver (greenish)
Stem decumbent to erect
Leaves cauline, clustered near base or not, both surfaces hairy; stipules 620 mm; petiole 18 cm; leaflets 610, 1045 mm
Inflorescence 430 cm; peduncle 513 cm; flowers generally not to loosely whorled; pedicel 310 mm; bracts 415 mm, deciduous
Flower 916 mm; calyx upper lip 68 mm, deeply divided, lower lip 610 mm, entire to 3-toothed; petals violet to lavender, banner back generally hairy, patch generally yellow (to white) turning purple, keel generally unlobed near base, upper margins generally ciliate middle to tip, lower margins glabrous
Fruit 35 cm, hairy
Seeds 49, 46 mm, mottled tan
Ecology: Open areas, sand or rocks
Elevation: < 2000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Sierra Nevada Foothills, Central Western California, South Coast, n Channel Islands
Distribution outside California: s Oregon
Variable, ± indistinct from L. excubitus.
Native |
Shrub 1020 dm, generally silvery-silky
Stem erect
Leaf: stipules 1020 mm; petiole 14 cm; leaflets 79, 2545 mm
Inflorescence 1015 cm; peduncle 910 cm; pedicel 610 mm; bract 1024 mm
Flower: banner back sparsely hairy
Ecology: Common. Coastal scrub, chaparral, open woodland
Elevation: < 500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Central Coast, nw San Francisco Bay Area, n Channel Islands
Horticultural information: SUN, DRN: 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.