TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, tree, vine, monoecious or dioecious
Stem generally branched, sometimes fleshy or spiny
Leaves generally simple, alternate or opposite, generally stipuled, petioled; blade entire, toothed, or palmately lobed
Inflorescence: cyme, panicle, raceme, spike; flowers sometimes in clusters (dense, enclosed by involucre, flower-like in Chamaesyce, Euphorbia ), terminal or axillary
Flower unisexual, ± radial; sepals generally 35, free or fused; petals generally 0; stamens 1many, free or filaments fused; ovary superior, chambers 14, styles free or fused, simple or lobed
Fruit: generally capsule
Seeds 12 per chamber; seed scar appendage sometimes present, pad- to dome-like
Genera in family: 300 genera, 7500 species: ± worldwide especially tropical; some cultivated (Aleurites , tung oil; Euphorbia subsp.; Hevea , rubber; Ricinus )
Reference: [Webster 1967 J Arnold Arbor 48:303430]
Many species ± highly TOXIC .
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, < 2 m, mostly monoecious; sap clear
Stems: central erect, generally much-branched; lateral spreading to ascending
Leaves simple, cauline, alternate, stipuled; hairs simple, sometimes glandular
Inflorescence: spike, terminal or axillary; staminate bracts minute; pistillate bracts leaf-like, toothed
Staminate flower: sepals 4; petals 0; stamens 48, filaments free or fused at base; nectary disk 0
Pistillate flower: sepals 3(5); petals 0; nectary 0; ovary 3-chambered, styles 3, deeply cut
Fruit ± spheric, smooth or ± lobed
Seeds 1 per chamber, smooth to pitted; scar appendage minute
Species in genus: ± 400 species: tropical, warm temp worldwide
Etymology: (Greek: ancient name for a kind of nettle)
Native |
Shrub < 1.5 m, hairy, ± glandular
Leaf: stipules 25 mm, linear; petiole < 1.5 cm; blade 12 cm, ovate to ± deltate, base truncate to ± lobed, margin crenate
Staminate inflorescence 1.54 cm, slender
Pistillate inflorescence < 2 cm; bracts together cup-like, hairy, margin glandular
Staminate flower: sepals ± 0.5 mm, puberulent; stamens >> sepals
Pistillate flower: sepals ± 1 mm, puberulent; ovary ± 1 mm diam, puberulent, styles reddish
Fruit 13 mm diam, puberulent
Ecology: Rocky slopes, chaparral, oak woodland
Elevation: 2001300 m.
Bioregional distribution: Peninsular Ranges (San Diego Co.), w Sonoran Desert
Distribution outside California: Baja California
Horticultural information: DRN: 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.