Jepson Interchange (more information)
Print edition is available from the University of California Press
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This page is based on the 1993 Jepson Manual.
Please see the Jepson eFlora for up-to-date information about California vascular plants. |
| Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
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TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Print edition is available from the University of California Press |
| The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press | |
| See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition |
Perennial, shrub, tree
Stem: bark often peeling distinctively
Leaves simple, generally cauline, alternate, opposite, rarely whorled, evergreen or deciduous, often leathery, petioled or not; stipules 0
Inflorescence: raceme, panicle, cyme, or flowers solitary, generally bracted; pedicels often with 2 bractlets
Flower generally bisexual, generally radial; sepals generally 4–5, generally free; petals generally 4–5, free or fused; stamens 8–10, free, filaments rarely appendaged, anthers awned or not, dehiscent by pores or slits; nectary generally at ovary base, disk-like; ovary superior or inferior, chambers generally 1–5, placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1–many per chamber, style 1, stigma head- to funnel-like or lobed
Fruit: capsule, drupe, berry
Seeds generally many, sometimes winged
Genera in family: ± 100 genera, 3000 species: generally worldwide except deserts; some cultivated, especially Arbutus, Arctostaphylos, Rhododendron, Vaccinium
Reference: [Wallace 1975 Wasmann J Biol 33:1–88; 1975 Bot Not 128:286–298]
Subfamilies Monotropoideae, Pyroloideae, Vaccinioideae sometimes treated as families. Nongreen plants obtain nutrition from green plants through fungal intermediates.
Species in genus: 1 sp
Etymology: (Greek: half eunuch, from 1 anther sac thought sterile)
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Perennial, nongreen, fleshy, mostly glabrous, rhizomed; roots brittle
Stem 0
Leaf scale-like
Inflorescence: generally dense cyme, raceme, or flowers solitary, 2–10 cm, generally pink, cream, emerging from soil erect, not persisting after seed dispersal; bracts < 2 cm, margins ciliate; bractlets generally 0(1–2)
Flower: sepals (2)4, free, lateral 2 often folded, clasping corolla, other 2 flat if present; petals 4(5), ± 2/3 fused, cylindric to flask-shaped, cream or generally pink, inside densely hairy; stamens generally 8, filaments densely hairy, anthers 1–2 mm, elongate, dehiscent by longitudinal, separate slits, unawned; nectary 8–10-lobed; ovary superior, chamber 1 or appearing > 1 by intrusion of parietal placentas, style < 5 mm, hairy, stigma 1.5–2.5 mm wide, disk-like, yellow, subtended by dense hairs
Fruit: berry, < 1 cm
Seeds many, ovoid
Ecology: Uncommon. Mixed or coniferous forests
Elevation: 30–2700 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast, Klamath Ranges, Outer North Coast Ranges, High Cascade Range, n&s High Sierra Nevada, San Francisco Bay Area, Outer South Coast Ranges
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia
| YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps). |
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