Jepson Interchange (more information)
Print edition is available from the University of California Press
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This page is based on the 1993 Jepson Manual.
Please see the Jepson eFlora for up-to-date information about California vascular plants. |
| Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
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TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Print edition is available from the University of California Press |
| The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press | |
| See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition |
Annual to perennial herb, rarely shrub, sometimes armed with prickles
Stem generally branched
Leaves simple, generally in basal rosettes and cauline, generally opposite, ± fused at base around stem, entire, toothed, or pinnately lobed or dissected, petioled or sessile; stipules 0
Inflorescence: head, terminal, on long peduncle, many-flowered, dense, ± spheric or cylindric, subtended by involucre; each flower generally enclosed ± at base by an involucel of 1–2 generally fused bractlets, this generally expanded above or in fruit, generally subtended by a receptacle bract
Flower bisexual, ± bilateral, especially outermost; calyx limb cup-shaped or divided into 4–5(10) linear or bristle-like segments; corolla ± funnel-shaped, lobes 4–5, < tube, generally unequal; stamens generally 4, attached to corolla tube, alternate lobes; ovary inferior, 1-chambered, style slightly exserted from corolla, stigma 2-lobed
Fruit: achene, enclosed by sometimes enlarged involucel, generally topped by persistent calyx
Genera in family: 10–11 genera, 270–350 species: Eur to e Asia, c&s Africa; several cultivated for ornamental
Reference: [Moore 1976 Flora Europaea 4:56–72]
Annual to perennial herb, unarmed
Stem erect, < 6 dm, branched, glabrous or hairy
Leaf generally < 1 dm, pinnately lobed or dissected
Inflorescence ± spheric; outermost flowers generally larger; peduncle often long; involucre bracts ± equal, generally < flowers, lanceolate, flexible; involucel tubular, sometimes with expanded, fan-like, many-veined limb
Flower: calyx limb divided into 5 bristles; corolla generally blue, purple, pink, or white, lobes 5, upper 2 smaller; stamens 4, rarely 2
Fruit ± angled, generally hairy
Species in genus: ± 80 species: temp Eurasia, Africa
Etymology: (Latin: itch, from medicinal use)
| Introduced |
Stem < 4 dm
Leaves on stem dentate to pinnately dissected
Inflorescence 20–50 mm wide, not elongating at maturity; limb of involucel 3–4 mm, funnel-shaped
Fruit: calyx bristles scarcely > expanded, fan-like, scarious, many-veined limb of involucel
Ecology: Disturbed urban areas
Elevation: < 250 m.
Bioregional distribution: South Coast
Distribution outside California: native to sw Europe
Cult as ornamental, rarely naturalized.
| YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps). |
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