| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, biennial, perennial herb (rarely shrub, tree), often from taproot
Stem often ± scapose, generally ribbed, hollow
Leaves basal and generally some cauline, generally alternate; stipules generally 0; petiole base generally sheathing stem; blade generally much dissected, sometimes compound
Inflorescence: umbel or head, simple or compound, generally peduncled; bracts present (in involucres) or not; bractlets generally present (in involucels)
Flowers many, small, generally bisexual (or some staminate), generally radial (or outer bilateral); calyx 0 or lobes 5, small, atop ovary; petals 5, free, generally ovate or spoon-shaped, generally incurved at tips, generally ± ephemeral; stamens 5; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 2-chambered, generally with a ± conic, persistent projection or platform on top subtending 2 free styles
Fruit: 2 dry, 1-seeded halves that separate from each other but generally remain attached for some time to a central axis; ribs on each half 5, 2 marginal and 3 on back; oil tubes 1–several per interval between ribs
Genera in family: 300 genera, 3,000 species: ± worldwide, especially temp; many cultivated for food or spice (e.g., Carum, caraway; Daucus; Petroselinum); some highly toxic (e.g., Conium). Underground structures here called roots, but true nature remains problematic. Mature fruit generally critical in identification; shapes generally given in outline, followed by shape in X -section of 2 fruit halves together.
Annual, perennial herb, taprooted, glabrous or bristly
Stem erect, branched
Leaves mostly cauline; blade oblong to ovate, pinnately or ternately dissected or compound, segments or leaflets linear-oblong to ovate
Inflorescence: umbels compound, generally peduncled; bracts generally 0; bractlets several, reflexed, entire; rays, pedicels few, spreading
Flowers: outer sometimes ± bilateral; calyx lobes 0; petals narrow, white
Fruit linear-lanceolate to ovate, cylindric, beaked, smooth or bristly; each half ± cylindric; ribs, oil tubes 0 or obscure; fruit axis entire or notched at tip
Seed: face grooved
Species in genus: ± 15 species: Eurasia, Africa
Etymology: (Ancient Greek name)
| Introduced |
Plant 4.5–10 dm
Leaf: petiole 3–8 cm; blade 5–15 cm, oblong- to triangular-ovate, pinnately dissected, segments 1–5 mm, linear-oblong, obtuse
Inflorescence: peduncles 0–2 cm; rays 3–6, 1–2.5 cm
Fruit ± 4 mm, ovate; beak << body
Chromosomes: 2n=14
Ecology: Generally shady places
Elevation: 0–400 m.
Bioregional distribution: w California Floristic Province
Distribution outside California: native to Eurasia
Synonyms: A. scandicina (G. Weber) Mansf