TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL	previous taxon | next taxon Jepson Interchange (more information)
	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

ANACARDIACEAE

SUMAC or CASHEW FAMILY

Dieter H. Wilken

Shrub, tree, generally dioecious or flowers bisexual and unisexual, ± resinous, sometimes milky, generally aromatic
Leaves simple or compound, alternate, deciduous or evergreen; stipules 0
Inflorescence: raceme or panicle; flowers generally many
Flower generally unisexual, radial; sepals 5, base generally ± fused; petals 5, generally > sepals, free; stamens 5 or 10, reduced and sterile in pistillate flowers; ovary superior, vestigial or 0 in staminate flowers, subtended by ± lobed, disk-like nectary, chamber generally 1, ovule generally 1, styles 1–3
Fruit drupe-like, glabrous, sticky, or short-hairy; pulp ± resinous, sometimes aromatic
Genera in family: 70+ genera, ± 850 species: tropical, warm temp; some ornamental (Rhus, Schinus ), some cultivated for fruit (Anacardium , cashew; Mangifera , mango)
Reference: [Brizicky 1962 J Arnold Arbor 43:359–375]
TOXIC: many genera produce contact dermatitis.

SCHINUS

PEPPER TREE

Shrub, tree, dioecious
Leaves generally odd-pinnate, ± resinous, aromatic; leaflets > 5, lateral alternate to opposite, ± leathery, entire to toothed
Inflorescence: panicle, axillary or terminal, open to ± dense; pedicels short
Flower: stamens 10, 2 whorls of 5, reduced and sterile in pistillate flowers; styles 3, fused at base
Fruit spheric, leathery, shiny, reddish; pulp resinous to oily, aromatic
Species in genus: ± 25 species: tropical, warm temp South America
Etymology: (Greek: ancient name for another sp.)
Reference: [Barkley 1944 Brittonia 5:160–198]

Introduced

S. molle L.

PERUVIAN PEPPER TREE

Tree 5–18 m, sometimes root-sprouting
Stem: upper branches generally drooping
Leaf 10–30 cm; leaflets generally > 15, sessile, 1–6 cm, 4–8 mm wide, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, generally entire
Inflorescence: pedicel 2–5 mm in fruit
Flower < 3 mm
Fruit 5–8 mm diam, generally pink to red
Chromosomes: 2n=28
Ecology: Washes, slopes, abandoned fields
Elevation: < 700 m.
Bioregional distribution: Sierra Nevada Foothills, Tehachapi Mountain Area, Great Central Valley, Central Western California, Southwestern California
Distribution outside California: to Texas, Mexico; native to S.America