| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, biennial, perennial herb, rarely dioecious, taprooted or rhizome generally slender
Leaves simple, generally opposite; stipules generally 0; petiole generally 0; blade entire, sheath generally 0
Inflorescence: cyme, generally open; flowers few–many or flower solitary and axillary; involucre generally 0
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium sometimes present; sepals generally 5, ± free or fused into a tube, tube generally herbaceous between lobes or teeth; awns generally 0; petals generally 5 or 0, generally tapered to base (or with claw long, blade expanded), entire to 2–several-lobed, blade generally without scale-like appendages (inner surface), generally without ear-like lobes at base; stamens generally 10, generally fertile, generally free, generally from ovary base; nectaries generally 0; ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, placentas basal or free-central, styles 2–5 or 1 and 2–3-branched
Fruit: capsule or utricle (rarely modified, dehiscent), generally sessile
Seeds: appendage generally 0
Genera in family: 85 genera, 2400 species: widespread, especially arctic, alpine, temp, n hemisphere; some cultivated (Agrostemma, Arenaria, Cerastium, Dianthus, Gypsophila, Lychnis, Saponaria, Silene, Vaccaria ).
Annual, erect to prostrate, taprooted
Leaf: stipules 0.4–1.2 mm, bristle-like, scarious, entire, ± white; blade awl-like to oblong; vein 0–1
Inflorescence axillary, sessile; flowers 1–2
Flower: sepals 5, 2.7–6 mm, ± free, ± lanceolate, glandular-hairy; petals 0 or rudimentary; stamens 3–5; styles 3, < 0.1 mm
Fruit: capsule, lanceolate to ovoid; valves 3, ± recurved at tip
Seeds many, tan with reddish brown band on curved edge
Species in genus: 7 species: North America., Medit
Etymology: (P. Loefling, Swedish botanist & explorer, 1729–1756)
Reference: [Barneby & Twisselmann 1970 Madroño 20:398–408]
| Native |
Plant 1–7 cm, much-branched at base, glandular-hairy, ± fleshy
Stem stiff
Leaf: blade 2–7 mm, erect to ± recurved, bristly; base generally fused into a short scarious sheath; tip blunt to spine-tipped
Flower cleistogamous; sepals spine-tipped, becoming hardened, margin often scarious
Fruit 0.5–0.8 X sepals, 3-angled
Seed 0.4–0.6 mm, minutely papillate on flat edge
Ecology: Sandy, gravelly areas
Elevation: < 1200 m.
Bioregional distribution: Tehachapi Mountain Area, San Joaquin Valley, San Francisco Bay Area, South Coast, Peninsular Ranges, Great Basin Floristic Province, Mojave Desert
Distribution outside California: to Oregon, NE, Texas, n Baja California
| Native |
Leaf: stipules 0.5–1.2 mm; blade generally 3–7 mm, needle- to awl-like, generally ± recurved; tip with spine
Flower: sepals generally ± 3.5–6 mm, in fruit unequal and tip strongly recurved, lateral spurs often present, bristly
Fruit 2.6–3.7 mm, 3–4 X longer than wide
Ecology: Sandy and gravelly soil of hills, mesas, dunes, sometimes disturbed areas
Elevation: < 1200 m.
Bioregional distribution: Tehachapi Mountain Area, San Joaquin Valley, San Francisco Bay Area (Santa Cruz Co.), South Coast, Peninsular Ranges
Distribution outside California: n Baja California
Synonyms: L. pusilla Curran