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BRASSICACEAE

MUSTARD FAMILY

Reed C. Rollins, except as specified

Annual to subshrub
Leaves generally basal and cauline, alternate, generally simple; stipules 0
Inflorescence: generally raceme
Flower bisexual; sepals 4, free; petals (0)4, free, generally white or yellow, often clawed; stamens generally (2,4)6, generally 4 long, 2 short; ovary 1, superior, chambers generally 2, septum membranous, connecting 2 parietal placentas, style 1, stigma simple or 2-lobed
Fruit: generally capsule ("silique") with 2 deciduous valves, sometimes breaking transversely or indehiscent
Seeds 1–many per chamber
Genera in family: 300+ genera, 3000+ species: worldwide, especially cool regions; some cultivated for food (especially Brassica, Raphanus ) and ornamental
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to include Capparaceae [Rodman et al. 1993 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 80:686–699; Rollins 1993 Cruciferae of Continental North America. Stanford Univ Press]
Family description, key to genera by Robert A. Price.

ARABIS

ROCK CRESS

Biennial, perennial herb; base woody or not; hairs 0 to dense, simple, forked, stellate, or multibranched; caudex branched or not
Stem branched or not, cylindric, leafy
Leaves: basal petioled, entire or dentate; cauline generally sessile, entire or dentate, base often lobed, often clasping stem
Inflorescence: bracts 0
Flower erect to reflexed; sepals erect; petals spoon-shaped to oblong and narrowed at base or narrowly obovate, white to deep purple, rarely straw-colored
Fruit erect to reflexed, linear, straight to curved, flat parallel to septum, rarely ± cylindric
Seeds ± many, generally 1 row per chamber, flat or plump, winged or not; embryonic root at edges of both cotyledons
Species in genus: ± 120 species: temp North America, Eurasia, Africa
Etymology: (Latin: of Arabia)

Native

A. repanda S. Watson

Perennial; hairs forked or multibranched
Stems 1 or few, branched above; hairs dense below, sparse to 0 above
Leaves: basal rosetted, petioled, 3–7 cm, 1–3 cm wide, oblanceolate to widely spoon-shaped, tip obtuse, hairs dense; cauline 1–6 cm, widely oblanceolate to ± linear, lower petioles winged, upper petioles 0
Flower: petals = or ± > sepals
Fruit ascending, 4–10 cm, straight or curved, leathery, glabrous to hairy; pedicel ascending to erect, 3–6(10) mm, stout; style ± 1 mm, slender
Seed round to ± elliptic; wing wide
Ecology: Gravel, rocks, talus, slopes, pine forests
Elevation: 1400–3600 m.
Bioregional distribution: High Sierra Nevada, e Western Transverse Ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, San Bernardino Mountains, San Jacinto Mountains
Distribution outside California: Nevada

Native

var. repanda

Caudex simple
Stem 4–7 dm
Leaves: basal wavy-dentate
Chromosomes: n=7
Ecology: Moist gravel, loose soil on steep slopes, volcanic rocky areas, open pine forests
Elevation: 1400–2800 m.
Bioregional distribution: High Sierra Nevada, e Western Transverse Ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, San Bernardino Mountains, San Jacinto Mountains.

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