Jepson Interchange (more information)
Print edition is available from the University of California Press
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This page is based on the 1993 Jepson Manual.
Please see the Jepson eFlora for up-to-date information about California vascular plants. |
| Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
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TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Print edition is available from the University of California Press |
| The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press | |
| See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition |
Annual, perennial herb, shrubs, generally bristly or sharply hairy
Stem prostrate to erect
Leaves cauline, often with basal rosette, generally simple, alternate; lower sometimes opposite, entire
Inflorescence: cyme, generally elongate, panicle-, raceme- or spike-like, coiled in flower, generally uncoiled in fruit or flowers 1–2 per axil
Flowers generally bisexual, generally radial; sepals 5, free or fused in lower half; corolla 5-lobed, generally salverform, top of tube generally appendaged, appendages 5, alternating with stamens, sometimes arching over tube; stamens 5, epipetalous; ovary superior, generally 4-lobed, style generally entire
Fruit: nutlets 1–4, smooth to variously roughened, sometimes prickly or bristled
Genera in family: ± 100 genera, ± 2000 species: tropical, temp, especially w North America, Medit; some cultivated (Borago, Echium, Myosotis, Symphytum ).Almost all genera may be TOXIC from alkaloids or accumulated nitrates
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to include Hydrophyllaceae [Olmsted et al. 2000 Mol Phylog Evol 16:96–112]
Family description, key to genera by Timothy C. Messick.
Annual, perennial herb, hairy, taprooted
Stem erect
Leaves generally cauline, ± sessile, entire
Inflorescence: bracted cymes, open panicles, or flowers solitary in upper leaf axils
Flower: calyx deeply 5-lobed, enlarging in fruit; corolla 5-lobed, funnel-shaped or salverform, generally ± yellow, appendages present or not; style entire
Fruit: nutlets 1–4, 3–6 mm, smooth to pitted or wrinkled
Species in genus: 75 species: worldwide, generally temp or mtn
Etymology: (Greek: stone seed)
Reference: [Baker 1961 Rhodora 63:229–235]
| Native |
Perennial; hairs spreading, ± coarse; caudex ± woody
Stems 1–several, 1.5–4 dm, clustered, ± branched
Leaves ± few; blade 2.5–5 cm, oblong to lance-ovate
Inflorescence: open panicles ± few (or flowers solitary in upper leaf axils); pedicels 4–7 mm, recurved in fruit
Flower: corolla 12–18 mm, 1.5–2 X calyx, 7–9 mm wide, salverform to funnel-shaped, yellow, unappendaged, lobes entire
Fruit: nutlets smooth, shiny, white
Chromosomes: 2n=28
Ecology: Open, dry slopes, yellow-pine forests, pine/oak woodland, chaparral
Elevation: 250–1800 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, High North Coast Ranges, Inner North Coast Ranges, High Cascade Range, n High Sierra Nevada, Warner Mountains(?)
Distribution outside California: sw Oregon
Heterostylous; cleistogamous flowers 0Horticultural information: DRN: 6, 17 &IRR: 7, 15, 16; DFCLT.
| YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps). |
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