Jepson Interchange (more information)
Print edition is available from the University of California Press
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This page is based on the 1993 Jepson Manual.
Please see the Jepson eFlora for up-to-date information about California vascular plants. |
| Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
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TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Print edition is available from the University of California Press |
| The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press | |
| See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition |
Annual, perennial herb, shrubs, generally bristly or sharply hairy
Stem prostrate to erect
Leaves cauline, often with basal rosette, generally simple, alternate; lower sometimes opposite, entire
Inflorescence: cyme, generally elongate, panicle-, raceme- or spike-like, coiled in flower, generally uncoiled in fruit or flowers 1–2 per axil
Flowers generally bisexual, generally radial; sepals 5, free or fused in lower half; corolla 5-lobed, generally salverform, top of tube generally appendaged, appendages 5, alternating with stamens, sometimes arching over tube; stamens 5, epipetalous; ovary superior, generally 4-lobed, style generally entire
Fruit: nutlets 1–4, smooth to variously roughened, sometimes prickly or bristled
Genera in family: ± 100 genera, ± 2000 species: tropical, temp, especially w North America, Medit; some cultivated (Borago, Echium, Myosotis, Symphytum ).Almost all genera may be TOXIC from alkaloids or accumulated nitrates
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to include Hydrophyllaceae [Olmsted et al. 2000 Mol Phylog Evol 16:96–112]
Family description, key to genera by Timothy C. Messick.
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, glabrous to bristly or strigose
Stems prostrate to erect, branched
Leaves generally cauline, petioled to sessile, generally entire
Inflorescence: flower 1 and axillary or terminal spikes with many flowers, coiled in flower
Flower: corolla rotate to bell-shaped, white to purple; stamens inserted on upper tube, included, anthers ± sessile; style attached atop ovary, stigma linear to disk-like
Fruit: nutlets 2 or 4, erect, generally ovoid to spheric, smooth, roughened or hairy, scar generally lateral
Species in genus: ± 250 species: temp, tropical. Orn, cultivated for medicinal drugs
Etymology: (Greek: sun turning, because some species flowering at summer solstice)
| Introduced |
Perennial
Stem decumbent to ascending, 2–6 dm, short-hairy
Leaf 4–9 cm, oblong to oblanceolate, short-petioled to subsessile, acute, short-hairy
Inflorescence: spikes 3–5, terminal, coiled in flower
Flower: calyx lobes ± linear-lanceolate, bristly; corolla 4–6 mm, bell-shaped, limb 3–4 mm wide, purple
Fruit: nutlets 2, irregularly roughened, faintly tubercled
Ecology: Open sites, fields
Elevation: < 300 m.
Bioregional distribution: n&c South Coast
Distribution outside California: native to Argentina
| YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps). |
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